Broken man
Member
- Joined
- Sep 11, 2016
- Messages
- 1,693
Taurine is 11β-HSD₁ inhibitor too ye?I think niacinamide should certainly increase metabolism, both by becoming NADH and by removing methyl groups. I was surprised to see how fast radio-labeled niacin became NADH in the cell, it was incorporated in the brain as such within two hours after injection. This certainly seems to be an energy molecule (probably why it's always, always in energy drinks) but it can raise both serotonin and homocysteine. These are things to keep in mind, and homocysteine are in part determined by methionine intake (and serotonin determined by tryptophan.)
I think it can make people too wigged-out, but also make some people more alert and better-off in general. It would seem as though the methylation and serotonin status of the user is just as important as anything.
I just did some reading just now on the downstream mechanisms—the ones after cortisol and aldosterone activation. A main player appears to be TGF-β₁, which shut's off the anagen phase of the hair cylcle. The genetic mice which over-express this, or it's receptor, have the same bald skin as mineralcorticoid hyperexpressed mice: It is shiny and has no pores. Aldosterone has been shown to upregulate TGF-β₁ about threefold, and skin is the other natural target for mineralcorticoid activity; sodium excretion needs to be regulated in the skin as well—through the sweat.
It almost looks like an evolutionary mechanism to prevent mineral loss through the skin, and aquatic animals in saline water would certainly need such a device. Why cortisol activates the mineralcorticoid receptor could be somewhat accidental, but it has much to do with 11β-HSD₁ expression (which DHT actually upregulates slightly, so there's a link there.) At the moment, the cell signal downstream of even TGF-β₁ appears to be prostaglandin E₂—linking oleuropein and inflammation in with mineralcorticoid pathway.
And I found what appears to be the best natural mineralcorticoid inhibitor. It is called wedelolactone and it's found in Eclipta species. It has been shown to both lower blood pressure and grow hair in nude mice, just what you'd expect from an anti-mineralcorticoid. This is safe internally.
The ones safe only topically are spironolactone (mineralcorticoid receptor inhibitor) and enoxolone (11β-HSD₁ inhibitor). Cyclosporine A is impossible to find and I'm really starting to question the standard mechanism for how this works. It's a really big molecule, a cyclic protein, and I'm getting the feeling that it actually inhibits TGF-β₁ directly—perhaps by binding to its cell membrane receptors.
I think oleuropein might end-up on the list by inhibiting the intracellular signalling cascade downstream of 11β-HSD₁. This would be convenient, if true, because it would tie everything together neatly.