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I would expect that chronic hunger/poor nutrition/insecure food supply and various other conditions in exploited populations would tend to have detrimental effect on stress hormone profiles, quite possibly including ratios of progesterone to estrogen.
+1
That's a very good point. I also think that hypothtroidism might be selected for in Africa due to the high heat. Perhaps someone with a good metabolism who is running warm will overheat and die in africa. Would explain the languid nature of the continent. Lions spend the majority of their time lying in the shade.
Look alike sisters is apparently pyroluria.
do you have a good knowledge about pyroluria ?
Thats true. I live in Singapore, the amount of tutoring that kids have is incredible. The kids learn how to have the highest score. I have been told that in China the kids who are expected to have low IQ scores, are told to call in sick for the day of testing.
More begging the question. The reason African nations have poor geopolitical relations with each other, within themselves, and with Europe is due to certain characteristics shared by most Africans.
Poor can mean two things: (1) You are not swimming in luxury. (2) You cannot sustain life and survive. If we take the second meaning Africans have not been poor most of the time. As the cradle of humankind Africa has supplied more generations of survival artists than any other continent that can be considered to be a fact.
Anybody who believes in sustainability will have to redefine poor and rich. Why not a simple but rewarding life instead of gorging on abundance?
Colonialism 1.0 used Africa for Gold, Ivory and Slaves (cf. Gold, Ivory and Slave Coast). The slaves were needed for the plantation and mining industry (cotton, sugar, coffee, cocoa, sugar) because Amerindians were unsuitable). Even if land was claimed by European kings the Danish, Dutch and British East Indian Companies were and their private armies that did the colonizing. The Triangular Trade was about hiring indigenous enslaving armies.
Colonialism 2.0 or the Scramble for Africa excluded rival Western colonizers. A colonial state needed administration and infrastructures (even in the form of education). But all of this was merely a collateral benefit for Africans. The aim was to grab things as quickly as possible. Africans were burdened with tribute payments and the obligation to supply cheap labour.
Colonialism 3.0 started when formal colonialism stopped from the 1960s to the early 1990s. This was a blessing for the neocolonialists: They were no longer obliged to pay for infrastructures. They could blame indigenous rulers for corruption (when they were bribed by Western and now also Asian powers), incompetence and tribalism. The corporations and their private armies came back and were even more inclined to treat Africa like an orange: squeeze it and chuck away the useless skin.
In this case, the curse of being resource rich has come into being. Angola is rich in diamonds and oil. Many corporations want them. So they pay the political elite to let them rip as many resources as they can as quickly as possible. Since the Cold War days contesting powers have poured arms into the continent that then weaponised an ever-lasting civil war. Some people raked in profits for arm sales as well as cheap labour and raw materials.
Similar things have happened in the Congo for a much longer time. Mark Twain´s King Leopold´s Soliloquy portrays the onslaught of rubber. Van Reybroukh and Adam Hochschild have written up-dates on that.
Patrick Bond and Mahmood Mamdani have written in-depth analyses.
We in the West should be better informed about both colonialism and poverty. Having a few darker-complexioned friends, dancing reggar and salsa and eating biltong proves that you are not a racist. We should begin to understand what has been going on since, say, 1492 and teach that to the next generation so that they are less ignorant about the continent we have all come from aboriginally.
Listen to Johnny Clegg and Savuka´s Scatterlings of Africa. You will enjoy it.
Africa as a self-service shop for non-Africans. Some of the countries have enough Lions for Western tourist influx. And you can send your know-it-alls there, too.
In the mean time, some books to read.
Bond, P. (2006). Talk Left, Walk Right: South Africa’s Frustrated Global Reforms (second edition). Pietermaritzburg:University of KwaZulu-Natal Press.
Bond, P. (2006). Looting Africa: the Economics of Exploitation. London: Zed Books and Pietermaritzburg: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press.
Achille Mbembe, On the Postcolony
Walter Rodney, How Europe Underdeveloped Africa (had he not been assassinated in Cold War Times he would hav been able to up-date this book)
Basil Davidson. Black Man´s Burden
The blog “Africa is a country” is great.
Africa is facing a shortage of food and water in many countries due to droughts. Africa is experiencing a glut of weapons (paradoxically always available even when essentials are scarce) that fosters the growth of a warlord economy. Causes are manifold. Since this continent was colonized almost completely, still has Western fingers in most pies and since the West has not excelled in decolonizing the former colonizers and has inadequately assisted the previously colonized in their self-decolonizing process we cannot absolve the “postimperialists” from their responsibility. When Brits and Frenchmen do apologetic auditioning and always produce black figures as sum total = benign colonialism - I disbelieve them. This is like Trump grading himself for hurricane disaster management. It is the afflicted that have to do the grading.
Being German I declare myself an heir and thus accountable forthe genocidal crushings of the Maji Maji and the Herero-Nama risings. This, however, is merely a component of the scrambling of the continent.
Africa´s fate has been researched but this has not really reached schools, tabloids and everyday awareness.
It has become fashionable in populist times to moan and lament Western suffering and unfair treatment. Black and brown supremacists should be ashamed of soiling the good name of us Westerners, who carry the white man´s burden to spread civilization globally. That refugees sweep into our homelands is as deplorable as the attack of extraterrestials in the Hollywood blockbusters. Insecurity, thy name is extraAmerican.
You seem to have poor knowledge of geopolitics and history... It was Europeans who created countries were certain tribes that despised each other had to live together...
You are not reading Dr Raymond Peat work...he mentions playfulness as positive health factor...Japan has high levels of antidepressant consumption and Nigeria has low levels... Rate of suicide in Nigeria very low and in the Japan is high .... Dr Raymond Peat has mentioned that Western industrialization is damaging society health...
Great post!
thanks
Your ignorance is quite profound you don't know Nigeria... Nigeria economy almost catched south Africa in terms gdp years ago ... Nigerians are able to buy smartphones but not antidepressants? They just don't need to take this poison...there is poverty there but so in America... People in Nigeria don't die from hunger ...try to know things first please... If you think you can understand the world around just watching TV and checking internet than you will live in ignorance
