Could the beneficial effects of dietary calcium on obesity and diabetes control be mediated by changes in intestinal microbiota and integrity? | British Journal of Nutrition | Cambridge Core
Could the beneficial effects of dietary calcium on obesity and diabetes control be mediated by changes in intestinal microbiota and integrity? - Volume 114 Issue 11
“High-Ca diets seem to favour the growth of lactobacilli, maintain II (especially in the colon), reduce translocation of LPS and regulate tight-junction gene expression.”
“High-Ca diets (30 mmol Ca/l( Reference Bovee-Oudenhoven, Termont and Dekker26 ) and 180 mmol Ca/kg diet( Reference Bovee-Oudenhoven, Termont and Weerkamp27 )) are associated with reduced number of viable bacteria in the stomach. A high intraluminal concentration of Ca2+stimulates the release of gastrin and, consequently, increases acid secretion”
“In some studies, a high-Ca diet reduced the BA and FA concentration in FW. A high-Ca diet also reduced FW cytotoxicity by precipitating cytotoxic surfactants, resulting in lower colonic epithelium damage and higher resistance to infections”
“Another mechanism by which dietary calcium phosphate interferes with resistance to pathogens is by binding directly to Salmonellaand, hence, increasing the excretion of faecal bacteria, which is also known as bacterial shedding. This reduces pathogen competition and thus enhances the growth of lactobacilli.”
“Several high-Ca salts (calcium phosphate, milk, calcium carbonate and calcium chloride) decreased intestinal permeability in rats”
“In a transgenic animal model of colitis induction, Ca supplementation prevented colitis-induced increase in the expression of extracellular matrix remodelling genes such as matrix metalloproteinases, procollagens and fibronectin. This suggests that Ca strengthened the integrity of the colonic mucosa( Reference Schepens, Schonewille and Vink51 ). Even in animal models, high dietary Ca (90 mmol/kg) prevented the FOS-induced increase in intestinal permeability (measured by Cr-EDTA) only when phosphate content was medium (70 mmol/kg diet) or high (160 mmol/kg diet).”
“Low-Ca and/or low-vitamin D diets reduce tight-junction gene expression in calbindin-null mice( Reference Hwang, Yang and Kang88 ), suggesting the importance of this mineral for the synthesis of tight-junction proteins and, therefore, for paracellular permeability.”
“LPS or serum anti-endotoxin antibodies, gut barrier disintegration and endotoxaemia markers were lower after high-Ca diets than after the control diet in mice”
