Cool research as OJ is commonly accessible, nice effect on restoring igf-1 lowering inflammation and reversing muscle loss in aging (and probably myelin repair for brain function too), and its effect is in already aged mice so can be taken later in life for this health boost
1 250ml glass of orange juice has ~80mg of hesperidin. citrus flavanoids start to inhibit thyroid when you get into the 100s of milligrams, but low doses have health benefits too
Study is ~50mg - 60mg hesperidin human equivalent daily:
Hesperidin Ameliorates Sarcopenia through the Regulation of Inflammaging and the AKT/mTOR/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway in 22–26-Month-Old Mice
<-- cross sectional area / size of muscle fiber. gets restored a lot closer to youth level. and the young mice saw a boost too
<-- prevents strength decline with aging & it improves. improves in young mice too
<-- muscle mass improves visibly
<-- igf-1 levels return to near youth levels (main factor in muscle repair isn't testosterone/androgens its more igf-1 based, lokzo put out a youtube vid on this recently. igf-1 also plays a role in myelin which is key for brain function)
<-- lowers pro-inflammatory m1 macrophages back to youth levels
1 250ml glass of orange juice has ~80mg of hesperidin. citrus flavanoids start to inhibit thyroid when you get into the 100s of milligrams, but low doses have health benefits too
Study is ~50mg - 60mg hesperidin human equivalent daily:
young mice (3–6 months, YM) and old mice (22–24 months, OM) were orally administered HES (5 or 10 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks.
Hesperidin Ameliorates Sarcopenia through the Regulation of Inflammaging and the AKT/mTOR/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway in 22–26-Month-Old Mice
We studied 22–26-month-old mice, corresponding to humans aged ≥70 years, with aging-related sarcopenia, and young mice aged 3–6 months. The daily administration of HES for 8 weeks resulted in greater muscle mass and strength and increased the fiber size of the old mice.
HES also restored the immune homeostasis that had been disrupted by aging, such as the imbalance in M1/M2 macrophage ratio.
In addition, we found that HES ameliorated the sarcopenia by regulating AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin/forkhead box 3a signaling through an increase in insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 expression in the old mice.
Therefore, HES represents a promising candidate inhibitor of sarcopenia in older people, and its effects are achieved through the maintenance of immune homeostasis.
& Values (in Newton) of Muscle strength of patients, reported as mean ± standard deviationHowever, the 8-week treatment with HES not only prevented the decrease in grip strength, but also steadily increased the muscle strength of the OM HES5 and OM HES10 groups. In addition, the YM HES10 group showed a slight increase in grip strength
We found that the masses of the QUA and GAS muscles of the OM Ctrl group were significantly lower than those in the YM group, but these were dose-dependently increased by 5 and 10 mg/kg/day HES
Thus, the weight loss accompanying the muscle loss and the reduction in muscle strength that occurred in the OM Ctrl group were suppressed by 8 weeks of HES administration, indicating that HES ameliorates sarcopenia in old mice.
, the percentage of M0/M1 macrophages was higher in the OM Ctrl group than in the YM Ctrl group, whereas those of M2c and M2a macrophages were low. HES treatment also tended to reduce or eliminate these differences in the populations of the M1, M2c, and M2a macrophages in the old mice
The proportion of CD86+CD206− cells, defined as M2 macrophages, showed no statistically significant difference between all groups. The greater abundance of macrophages in the OM Ctrl group, and especially that of M1 macrophages, is indicative of the development of inflammaging in the old mice. To further confirm this, the serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines that are secreted by macrophages were measured. We found that the serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, which are secreted by M1 macrophages, were much higher in the OM Ctrl group than in the YM group, but HES treatment reduced the concentrations of all three (Figure 3E). Taken together with the above findings, this suggests that HES ameliorates sarcopenia in old mice by ameliorating inflammaging, which causes muscle loss through effects on the macrophage population.
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