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The effect of vitamin E deficiency on the vitamin A reserves of the rat
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Out of curiosity:
Test Data - Green Pasture (suggested serving size)
Currently unavailable since sep/15.
Vitamin A oxidizes easily and an excess can create symptoms of a deficiency, so vitamin E is the most important thing for correcting it; excess vitamin A, like PUFA, interferes with thyroid hormone transport, so it’s important to balance the two.
About 100 i.u. of vitamin E would help to keep the vitamin A from being wasted by oxidation, and possibly could reduce your requirement for it.
The effect of vitamin E deficiency on the vitamin A reserves of the rat
Diet:
Exp 1. The effect of wheat germ oil concentrate on vitamin A reserves.
Exp 2. More or less the same thing as Exp 1 but with the torture starting earlier in their life and with two more groups for low casein (3%) (calories compensated by sugar).
Exp 3. More or less the same as (2) but from lactation to adulthood their diets also had minimal vitamin A and were starchier and fattier diets (50% cane sugar and 10% lard for 50% rice starch and 20% lard) and had more dried yeast (10% for 15%). As the exp started, they reintroduced the standard diet and supplements.
Exp 4. More or less the same as (3) but with vitamin A during the first phase. Now peanut oil was given plain or mixed with jyb-tocopherol in various amounts (3, 1, 0.3, 0.1 mg) to compare with wheat germ oil.
Exp 5. The effect of tocopherol on the conversion of carotene into vitamin A.
Exp 6. The storage of vitamin A in rats after the curing of prolonged avitaminosis-E.
The rats were kept on the standard (vit E-deficient) diet for a year and were given wheat germ oil on the following year.
"light white casein 25%, cane sugar 50 %, lard 10%, salt mixture 5%, dried yeast 10%"
"The vitamin A intake as halibut liver oil was [..] about 1000 i.U. per week."
"The vitamin A intake as halibut liver oil was [..] about 1000 i.U. per week."
Exp 1. The effect of wheat germ oil concentrate on vitamin A reserves.
"The positive control animals received 50 mg. of wheat germ oil concentrate daily and were in good health."
"The vitamin A reserves of the rats given vitamin E were invariably much higher than those of the rats deficient in vitamin E. The positive control group had a mean total vitamin A reserve more than twice as great as that of the deficient group. The reserve per g. of liver for the control group was almost twice as much as the corresponding value for the deficient group."
burtlan explained to me that increasing the amount of a nutrient per gram of tissue means that it's not just an effect of overall growth of an organ as a result of being well-nourished, it's actually affecting the content of a nutrient significantly even if the total weight remained more or less the same.
"The vitamin A reserves of the rats given vitamin E were invariably much higher than those of the rats deficient in vitamin E. The positive control group had a mean total vitamin A reserve more than twice as great as that of the deficient group. The reserve per g. of liver for the control group was almost twice as much as the corresponding value for the deficient group."
burtlan explained to me that increasing the amount of a nutrient per gram of tissue means that it's not just an effect of overall growth of an organ as a result of being well-nourished, it's actually affecting the content of a nutrient significantly even if the total weight remained more or less the same.
Exp 2. More or less the same thing as Exp 1 but with the torture starting earlier in their life and with two more groups for low casein (3%) (calories compensated by sugar).
"The mean vitamin A reserves, both total and per g., were about 10 times greater in the groups given vitamin E concentrate than in the deficient groups. Casein deficiency had a relatively small effect of doubtful significance."
Exp 3. More or less the same as (2) but from lactation to adulthood their diets also had minimal vitamin A and were starchier and fattier diets (50% cane sugar and 10% lard for 50% rice starch and 20% lard) and had more dried yeast (10% for 15%). As the exp started, they reintroduced the standard diet and supplements.
"The vitamin A reserves were again much lower in the deficient groups than in those given vitamin E. The casein allowance had no effect on the vitamin A reserves in the groups deficient in vitamin E."
Exp 4. More or less the same as (3) but with vitamin A during the first phase. Now peanut oil was given plain or mixed with jyb-tocopherol in various amounts (3, 1, 0.3, 0.1 mg) to compare with wheat germ oil.
"The uteri of rats in the groups given 3 and 1 mg. of tocopherol or 50 mg. of wheat germ oil concentrate weekly were normal in colour. The uteri, of rats given 0.3 and 0.1 mg of tocopherol or plain arachis oil were brown, and the vitamin A reserves for these groups were only 1/4 to 1/2 of those found in the groups receiving adequate allowances of vitamin E."
Exp 5. The effect of tocopherol on the conversion of carotene into vitamin A.
I only skimmed this part.
Exp 6. The storage of vitamin A in rats after the curing of prolonged avitaminosis-E.
The rats were kept on the standard (vit E-deficient) diet for a year and were given wheat germ oil on the following year.
"It appears very probable, however, that treatment with wheat germ restored to normal the power of the liver to store vitamin A. It has been shown in a previous paper [Moore & Rajagopal, 1940] that even the inclusion of 60% of wheat germ in a diet otherwise free from vitamin A does not allow the accumulation of measurable stores of vitamin A in the liver."
In all the above experiments in which halibut liver oil was given the vitamin A reserves were always much lower in rats deprived of vitamin E than in animals subjected to exactly the same treatment except for the addition of vitamin E.
In the groups given vitamin E the rate of storage of 40-50% points to high efficiency, particularly in view of the prolonged periods during which the earlier doses of vitamin A must have been kept in the livers before they were examined.
it was found that deficiency of protein caused at the most only a slight depression of the vitamin A reserves
Dann & Moore [1931] failed to detect any marked depression of the vitamin A reserves in rats kept for many weeks on diets deficient in the vitamin B complex. In hens deficient in vitamin K Tomaszewski & Engel [1939] found that neither the vitamin A nor vitamin C reserves were lowered. On the other hand, it is obvious that vitamin E deficiency is by no means unique in depressing the vitamin A reserves. Goerner [1937] has shown that the injection of carcinogenic agents into rats may cause marked reduction in the vitamin A reserves of the liver.
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Out of curiosity:
Test Data - Green Pasture (suggested serving size)
Currently unavailable since sep/15.
Last edited: