Yes... it's unfortunate that he misuses the term "energy". As long as I have clarity on what he means exactly whenever he says "energy", I get what he is trying to communicate, but otherwise it has inconsistencies and contradictions. So as I mentioned in my previous post, bread/sugar/fatty acids/and other substrates should be termed "energy substrate" or "energy source" or even perhaps "fuel/fuel material or source". Just including the words "substrate/source" makes the terming accurate. The "Energy" term should exclusively mean ATP (unless there are other minor ways for a cell to get energy other than from ATP, but for the sake of what we're discussing let's limit the term to ATP).Thanks, yes I think I was blurring the two, FUEL (mainly from carbs and fat) and ENERGY (ATP). So when Masterjohn talks about insulin resistance being a cellular "energy" overload problem, what he really means is that it is a cellular "fuel" overload problem. One thing I guess I don't understand is how does a cell use energy (ATP)? By what mechanisms? We know how it uses fuel, glycolysis/TCA cycle/ETC. Koch's step 3 seems to be how the cell/tissue/body takes up and uses ATP for functions.
In what I defined as Step 3 according to Koch's descriptions, the cell accepts/uses the ATP made in a previous step. I don't know all of the mechanisms involved here, but from his book I am aware Step 3 includes the following:
- Acceptance of energy (i.e ATP) by the Functional Carbonyl Groups (FCGs) of the Energy Accepting System. One such Functional Carbonyl Group condenses with the amine of the ATP molecule (thus "accepts" it).
- Liberation of (chemical) energy from the Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP by ATP-ase. There's some info on Wikipedia: ATP hydrolysis - Wikipedia
From what I understood from his book, Acceptance of ATP occurs first and then the Liberation of the chemical energy stored within ATP.
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