Taurine Ameliorates Thyroid Hypofunction And Renal Injury In L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats. 2018

[High_Prob]

Taurine Ameliorates Thyroid Hypofunction and Renal Injury in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats. - PubMed - NCBI

Abstract
There is a growing global interest in hypertension due to its associated complications including renal dysfunction in patients. The thyroid system reportedly regulates renal function in both animal and human. The present study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of taurine on renal and thyroid dysfunctions in hypertensive rats. Hypertension was induced by oral administration of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME), at 40 mg/kg body weight to the male Wistar rats for 14 consecutive days. The hypertensive rats were subsequently treated with either taurine (100 and 200 mg/kg) or reference drug atenolol (10 mg/kg) for another 14 consecutive days. Hypertensive rats showed renal damage evidenced by elevated plasma creatinine and urea levels when compared with normotensive control rats. Furthermore, L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats showed decreased circulatory concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroxine, triiodothyronine and the ratio of triiodothyronine to thyroxine. The marked decrease in the renal antioxidant enzyme activities and nitric oxide level was accompanied by significant increase in myeloperoxidase activity and biomarkers of oxidative stress in hypertensive rats. Histological examination of kidneys from hypertensive rats revealed congestion of blood vessels, hemorrhagic lesion and disorganized glomerular structure. However, treatment with taurine or atenolol significantly reversed the suppression of thyroid function, ameliorated renal oxidative stress and histopathological lesions in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Taurine may be a useful chemotherapeutic supplement in enhancing renal and thyroid functions in hypertensive patients.

 

[Peatness]

Taurine Supplementation Lowers Blood Pressure and Improves Vascular Function in Prehypertension

Abstract​

Taurine, the most abundant, semiessential, sulfur-containing amino acid, is well known to lower blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive animal models. However, no rigorous clinical trial has validated whether this beneficial effect of taurine occurs in human hypertension or prehypertension, a key stage in the development of hypertension. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we assessed the effects of taurine intervention on BP and vascular function in prehypertension. We randomly assigned 120 eligible prehypertensive individuals to receive either taurine supplementation (1.6 g per day) or a placebo for 12 weeks. Taurine supplementation significantly decreased the clinic and 24-hour ambulatory BPs, especially in those with high-normal BP. Mean clinic systolic BP reduction for taurine/placebo was 7.2/2.6 mm Hg, and diastolic BP was 4.7/1.3 mm Hg. Mean ambulatory systolic BP reduction for taurine/placebo was 3.8/0.3 mm Hg, and diastolic BP was 3.5/0.6 mm Hg. In addition, taurine supplementation significantly improved endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilation and increased plasma H2S and taurine concentrations. Furthermore, changes in BP were negatively correlated with both the plasma H2S and taurine levels in taurine-treated prehypertensive individuals. To further elucidate the hypotensive mechanism, experimental studies were performed both in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that taurine treatment upregulated the expression of hydrogen sulfide–synthesizing enzymes and reduced agonist-induced vascular reactivity through the inhibition of transient receptor potential channel subtype 3–mediated calcium influx in human and mouse mesenteric arteries. In conclusion, the antihypertensive effect of chronic taurine supplementation shows promise in the treatment of prehypertension through improvement of vascular function.

https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06624