Procyanidin B-2 Extracted from Apples Grows Hair in Clinical Trials of Male Pattern Baldness

[md_a]

Procyanidin B-2 Extracted from Apples Grows Hair in Clinical Trials of Male Pattern Baldness

• The increase in number of total hairs and terminal hairs in the procyanidin B-2 group subjects was significantly greater than controls
• 78.9% of subjects showed an increased mean value of hair diameter
• "Procyanidin B-2 therapy shows promise as a cure for male pattern baldness."

Procyanidin B-2, extracted from apples, promotes hair growth: a laboratory study, Br J Dermatol. 2002 Jan;146(1):41-51

In this study, the researchers concluded that procyanidin B-2 acts to diminish protein kinase C isozymes, which play an important role in the hair growth cycle.

Procyanidin B-2 seems to promote hair growth by downregulating PKC in both the anagen (active growth phase) and telogen (resting phase) of the hair follicle. When the anagen phase is prolonged, and the telogen phase is shortened, increased hair growth results.

Apple Chemical Grows Hair in Clinical Trials- Procyanidin B-2 Hair Growth Formula

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Procyanidin B-2, extracted from apples, promotes hair growth: a laboratory study

Abstract

Background: We have previously reported that several selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, including procyanidin B-2, promote hair epithelial cell growth and stimulate anagen induction.

Objectives: We discuss the hypothesis that the hair-growing activity of procyanidin B-2 is related to its downregulation or inhibition of translocation of PKC isozymes in hair epithelial cells.

Methods: We examined the effect of procyanidin B-2 on the expression of PKC isozymes in cultured murine hair epithelial cells as well as PKC isozyme localization in murine dorsal skin at different stages in the hair cycle.

Results: We observed that procyanidin B-2 reduces the expression of PKC-alpha, -betaI, -betaII and -eta in cultured murine hair epithelial cells and also inhibits the translocation of these isozymes to the particulate fraction of hair epithelial cells. Our immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that PKC-alpha, -betaI, -betaII and -eta are specifically expressed in the outer root sheaths of both anagen and telogen hair follicles. The hair matrix at the anagen stage showed no positive staining for these PKC isozymes. Moderate to intense staining for PKC-betaI and -betaII in the epidermis and hair follicles was observed in a telogen-specific manner; however, expression of PKC-alpha and -eta during the telogen stage was not conspicuous. Gö 6976, an inhibitor of calcium-dependent (conventional) PKC, proved to promote hair epithelial cell growth.

Conclusions: These results suggest that PKC isozymes, especially PKC-betaI and -betaII, play an important role in hair cycle progression and that the hair-growing mechanisms of procyanidin B-2 are at least partially related to its downregulation of PKC isozymes or its inhibition of translocation of PKC isozymes to the particulate fraction of hair epithelial cells.

Procyanidin B-2, extracted from apples, promotes hair growth: a laboratory study - PubMed

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Procyanadin B2 - A Hair Growth Stimulant that protects the follicle from perifollicular fibrosis

What is it?

Procyanadin B-2 is an active ingredient found in Biotin Shampoo & Conditioner, Spark and Spark Plus.

Procyanidin B-2

Procyanidin B-2 is a polyphenol compound identified in apples which acts as a hair-growing factor. A kind of (proanthocyanidins and condensed tannins), one of the types of polyphenols and. It is also a strong antioxidant with many medical applications to date.

Is it safe? Are there side effects?

Isolated procyanidin B-2 to a purity exceeding 94% from apple juice and subjected it to a series of toxicological studies (Takahashi et al., 1999b). Results confirm the safety of topical application of procyanidin B-2 to human skin.

Effects on Hair loss

Acts as a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, this molecules have been proved to stimulate (anagen phase) and to promote hair epithelial cell growth as (A.KAMIMURA AND T.TAKAHASHI) demonstrated back in 2001. The level of efficacy of 1 % procyanidin B-2 is concluded to compare favorably with minoxidil and finasteride therapy. In the procyanidin B-2 group, the increase in number of total hairs in the designated area (0.5 em square = 0.25 cml ) after the e-month trial was 6.68 ± 5.5 3 (mean ± SD)/0.25 cm2 , whereas in the placebo control group, the increase in number of total hair s was 0.0 8 ± 4.56 (mean ± SD)/0.25 cm2 (Table 2). It is calculated th at the increased number of total hairs in the designated area of procyanidin B-2 group subjects after the 6-month trial was significantly greater than that of the placebo control group subjects

Structure & Synthesis

20 kl of apple juice (Malus pumila Miller var) eluted and evaporated to produce 233 g of a dry solid.

Mechanisms of Action

The main mechanism of action of procyanidin B-2 is implied by its intensive growth-promoting action on hair epithelial cells (Takahashi et al., 1999a). The intensive anti-oxidative activity of procyanidin B-2 may be a significant contributor to its effects. The relation between male pattern baldness and inflammation has been pointed out by several researchers. It has been reported that lymphocytic inflammation was observed around hair follicles biopsied from patients showing male pattern baldness (Sueki et aI., 1999; Jaworsky et aI., 1992). Young et a1. (1991) also reported that the ratio of subjects showing inflammation of the scalp was 100 % in subjects with male pattern baldness, whereas the ratio was 66 % in non-balding subjects. Procyanidins are known to show the effect of decreasing inflammation due to their anti-oxidative properties (Haslam, 1996) and by their protease inhibiting action (Tixier et al., 1984). Therefore, it is supposed that the suppression of inflammation mediated by procyanidin B-2 returns the scalp to a healthy condition, consequently leading to a cure for baldness

Procyanadin B2 - A Hair Growth Stimulant that protects the follicle from perifollicular fibrosis

.............

Procyanidin B-2, extracted from apples, promote hair growth: A laboratory study

Abstract

We have previously reported that several selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, including procyanidin B-2, promote hair epithelial cell growth and stimulate anagen induction. We discuss the hypothesis that the hair-growing activity of procyanidin B-2 is related to its downregulation or inhibition of translocation of PKC isozymes in hair epithelial cells. We examined the effect of procyanidin B-2 on the expression of PKC isozymes in cultured murine hair epithelial cells as well as PKC isozyme localization in murine dorsal skin at different stages in the hair cycle. We observed that procyanidin B-2 reduces the expression of PKC-alpha, -betaI, -betaII and -eta in cultured murine hair epithelial cells and also inhibits the translocation of these isozymes to the particulate fraction of hair epithelial cells. Our immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that PKC-alpha, -betaI, -betaII and -eta are specifically expressed in the outer root sheaths of both anagen and telogen hair follicles. The hair matrix at the anagen stage showed no positive staining for these PKC isozymes. Moderate to intense staining for PKC-betaI and -betaII in the epidermis and hair follicles was observed in a telogen-specific manner; however, expression of PKC-alpha and -eta during the telogen stage was not conspicuous. Gö 6976, an inhibitor of calcium-dependent (conventional) PKC, proved to promote hair epithelial cell growth. These results suggest that PKC isozymes, especially PKC-betaI and -betaII, play an important role in hair cycle progression and that the hair-growing mechanisms of procyanidin B-2 are at least partially related to its downregulation of PKC isozymes or its inhibition of translocation of PKC isozymes to the particulate fraction of hair epithelial cells.

Procyanidin B-2, extracted from apples, promote hair growth: A laboratory study | Request PDF

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Suppression of estrogen biosynthesis by procyanidin dimers in red wine and grape seeds​

"The efficacy of these procyanidin B dimer compounds was then evaluated in an aromatase transfected MCF-7 breast cancer mouse model. The B dimer mixture was able to reduce androgen dependent tumor growth, indicating that procyanidin B dimers suppress in situ estrogen formation. This was done in collaboration with Dr. Rajeshwar Rao Tekmal at Emory University using a transgenic mouse model that over-expresses aromatase in the mammary tissues. Like the known specific aromatase inhibitor, Letrozole, the active B dimer fraction from red wine (administered by gavage) is a potent blocker of estrogen biosynthesis. When feed to the mice by gavage, it led not only to complete reduction and elimination of breast hyperplasia and other preneoplastic and neoplastic changes, but also affected other normal endocrine functions that are typical for estrogen deprivation."

Suppression of estrogen biosynthesis by procyanidin dimers in red wine and grape seeds - PubMed
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Bradykinin and angiotensin II: activation of protein kinase C in arterial smooth muscle

Abstract

The effects of bradykinin (BK) and angiotensin II (ANG II) were compared in cultured rat mesenteric arterial smooth muscle cells. BK and ANG II activated a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C, leading to the rapid release of [3H]inositol phosphates, an increase in intracellular calcium, and formation of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG formation was biphasic with a transient peak at 5 s followed by a sustained increase from 60 to 600 s. The BK-mediated increases in inositol triphosphate and DAG were dose dependent with half-maximal increases at concentrations of 5 and 2 nM, respectively. Both hormones were found to activate protein kinase C (PKC) as assessed by phosphorylation of the 68- to 72-kDa intracellular PKC substrate myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate. However, despite similar phosphorylation of this substrate, only ANG II produced a significant increase in membrane-bound PKC activity. The mechanism accounting for the inability of BK to increase membrane-bound PKC activity is unclear. Our studies excluded differential translocation of PKC to the nuclear membrane, production of an inhibitor of membrane-bound PKC activity, and expression of BK and ANG II receptors on different cells as the mechanism. Vascular smooth muscle cells were found to express at least four different PKC isozymes: alpha, delta, zeta, and a faint band for epsilon. All of the isozymes except zeta-PKC were translocated by treatment with the phorbol ester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. However, neither ANG II nor BK produced significant translocation of any measured isozyme; therefore, we could not exclude the possibility that ANG II and BK activate different isozymes of PKC. Both hormones were found to have a similar small and inconsistent effect in stimulating [3H]thymidine incorporation. These observations demonstrate that BK and ANG II have similar biochemical effects on vascular smooth muscle cells and imply that, in selected vessels, the vasodilatory effects of BK mediated by the endothelium may be partially counterbalanced by a vasoconstrictor effect on the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells.

https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/ajpcell.1994.266.5.C1406?journalCode=ajpcell

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Protein kinase C regulates vascular calcification via cytoskeleton reorganization and osteogenic signaling

Abstract

Vascular calcification is an active cell-mediated process that reduces elasticity of blood vessels and increases blood pressure. Until now, the molecular basis of vascular calcification has not been fully understood. We previously reported that microtubule disturbances mediate vascular calcification. Here, we found that protein kinase C (PKC) signaling acted as a novel coordinator between cytoskeletal changes and hyperphosphatemia-induced vascular calcification. Phosphorylation and expression of both PKCα and PKCδ decreased during inorganic phosphate (Pi)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification. Knockdown of PKC isoforms by short interfering RNA as well as PKC inactivation by Go6976 or rottlerin treatment revealed that specific inhibition of PKCα and PKCδ accelerated Pi-induced calcification both in VSMCs and ex vivo aorta culture through upregulation of osteogenic signaling. Additionally, inhibition of PKCα and PKCδ induced disassembly of microtubule and actin, respectively. In summary, our results indicate that cytoskeleton perturbation via PKCα and PKCδ inactivation potentiates vascular calcification through osteogenic signal induction.

Protein kinase C regulates vascular calcification via cytoskeleton reorganization and osteogenic signaling - PubMed

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Protein kinase C promotes cardiac fibrosis and heart failure by modulating galectin-3 expression

Highlights

•We examined the signaling pathway for PKC-α in heart failure.

•Activation of the PKC pathway stimulates galectin-3 expression.

•Inhibition of galectin-3 blocks PKC-stimulated collagen production.

•Both PKC-α and galectin-3 are upregulated in experimental heart failure.

•Angiotensin II by activation of the PKC pathway promotes galectin-3 expression.



Conclusions

Numerous animal and human studies have demonstrated that PKC-α activation or an increase in PKC-α expression is associated with HF and that inhibition of PKC-α is cardioprotective. In this study, we report the new finding that PKC-α regulates galectin-3, another crucial mediator of cardiac remodeling, cardiac fibrosis and HF, independent of contractility regulation. The distinction of the current study is the reconciliation of these two important but different kinds of HF mediators and the discovery that they work synergistically in the process of HF development. We thus propose that with the onset of heart disease, augmented PKC-α increases galectin-3 expression which subsequently promotes cardiac fibrosis and HF. We also found that the action of Ang II, a well-known stimulator of cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, may be mediated, in part, by the activation of the PKC–galectin-3 pathway.

Protein kinase C promotes cardiac fibrosis and heart failure by modulating galectin-3 expression



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Galectin-3 (Gal3) is a member of the lectin family and has a molecular weight of about 30 kDa. Like all galectins, gal3 also includes amino acids that bind to β-galactosides [11]. Gal3 is responsible for a number of processes including apoptosis, cell cycle, cell growth, cell activation, and cell adhesion. Moreover, it has been shown to have a major role in heart failure, cancer, inflammation, fibrosis, stroke, diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. In addition, it has been reported to play a key role in impaired follicular growth in patients with PCOS

Investigation of galectin-3, lipocalin 2, retinol binding protein (RBP), small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) in patients with hirsutism

……

Galectins are highly expressed in epithelial cells and immune cells. In skin, they can be detected in keratinocytes, melanocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages, and T cells. Galectins are present outside and inside the cells and thus may exhibit different functions through extracellular and intracellular actions. Galectins can be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases by affecting growth, apoptosis, maturation, activation, and motility of keratinocytes and immune cells. Expression of galectins may change depending on the cellular status, such as proliferation and activation. For example, galectin-3 expression is upregulated in T cells but downregulated in dendritic cells when these cells are activated. Furthermore, their expression may also change under pathological conditions. Understanding the function of each galectin in keratinocytes and different immune cell types may reveal how galectins contribute to the pathogenesis of immune-mediated skin diseases.

Galectins and cutaneous immunity

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Serum galectin-3 levels in women with PCOS

Abstract

Aim: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) plays a role in modulation of adiposity, glucose hemostasis and inflammation. The association between Gal-3 and the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), is not investigated. We aimed to evaluate galectin-3 levels in serum and their relation with hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance (IR) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and in control subjects.

Materials and methods: 56 women with PCOS were enrolled along with a control group of 41 healthy women, matched for age and body mass index. We measured hormonal and metabolic parameters, as well as the serum galectin-3 concentration of each participant. We estimated the IR according to the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

Results: Women with PCOS had higher levels of serum Gal-3 compared to healthy individuals (3,588.77 ± 1,566.94 vs 2,491.33 ± 812.04, P < 0.001). Serum Gal-3 levels were correlated with progesterone (r = 0.241, P = 0.025), hirsutism score (r = 0.296, P = 0.006), insulin (r = 0.479, P = 0.028), HOMA-IR (r = 0.514, P = 0.017), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (r = 0.246, P = 0.022), testosterone (r = 0.252, P = 0.019), and free testosterone (r = 0.306, P = 0.004).

Conclusion: Galectin-3 levels are higher in patients with PCOS, and there is a positive correlation between galectin-3 level and IR, androgen levels and hirsutismus scores. Gal-3 may be a new mediator of PCOS via IR, hyperandrogenism.

Serum galectin-3 levels in women with PCOS - PubMed

 

[Vedder28]

Was this topical application or oral? And what dose? I actually just bought this for oral consumption as it is supposed to be good for gut health.

 

[Ben.]

Interesting, i didn't know about this one.

I wonder what you guys think about this statement from this company:

"Procyanidin oligomers from apples have been clinically shown to promote hair growth. However, there are issues associated with using this ingredient. Procyanidin B2 is water-soluble, which limits its ability to penetrate into the hair follicles, and it is highly unstable, creating a challenge for formulators and compromising efficacy. SS NHGP aims to tackle these issues and increase efficacy."

SalSphere® Natural Hair Growth Promoter

"The purpose of procyanidin encapsulation is to stabilize and reduce premature oxidation of the product. Apple exact and procyanidin are water-soluble. SalSphere® technology allows for transformation of the water-soluble potent ingredients into hydrophobic submicron spheres that are suspendable and can penetrate the hair follicles due to their size and hydrophobic nature. The submicron spheres encapsulate the procyanidin B2 and release their content over time at the hair roots for effective and targeted delivery."

"In clinical studies, 71% of subjects showed an increased number of hairs, and 78.9% showed an increased mean value of hair diameter. The results identified procyanidin B2 from apples to be a powerful stimulant that promotes hair epithelial cell growth more than 300% relative to controls at a concentration of 30 μM."

"Although this form of application was found successful, the therapy requires 6 months of daily application to see results, which is considered as a long time for most consumers. In addition, the attempt to utilize pure procyanidin in commercial application did not show expected results due to three major reasons: 1. The high solubility of procyanidin B2 in water at pH 7.2 is approximately 10 mg/ml which makes it easy to get rinsed off. 2. Procyanidin is not adhering nor penetrating into the follicles efficiently, and 3. Procyanidin tends to get oxidized in a short time changing the color to dark brown. Encapsulation of procyanidin into submicron sphere found to be the ultimate solution to enable successful commercial use."

Functional Ingredient​

CAS: 29105-49-8

Synonyms: Epicatechin, Proanthocyandidn B2

Molecular structure: Procyanidin B2 is a proanthocyanidin consisting of two molecules of (-)-epicatechin joined by a bond between positions 4 and 8’ in a betaconfiguration.
Procyanidin B2 enhances the proliferative capacity of hair epithelial cells to minoxidil and control.

Enhanced shelf life​

SalSphere® technology effectively shields procyanidin B2 from oxidative forces and maintains the aesthetics and potency in final product formulations. Free procyanidin B2 turns dark brown in a formula whereas a product using SalSphere® remains lighter in color.

Pictures of a lotion containing SalSphere® NHGP (A) and a lotion containing free apple extract (B) after stability testing under accelerated conditions of 42°C. Within 3 months, the free apple extract gets discolored turning dark brown.

The diameter of a hair follicle orifice is estimated to be in the range of 30-50 μm. The SalSphere® delivery system, with a diameter of 0.1-0.3 μm, can facilitate penetration of procyanidin B2 into the hair follicle in a targeted manner increasing the efficacy.

 

[md_a]

Was this topical application or oral? And what dose? I actually just bought this for oral consumption as it is supposed to be good for gut health.

As Ben pointed out, by application it is possible that it does not penetrate enough or oxidize. From the anecdotes it seems that it would be efficient orally. I think it's important to understand that this process is done by removing calcification.

When I drink a liter of apples combined with a liter of potato juice I feel very good.

……

TABLE 3

Comparison of total procyanidin content in foods and beverages

	Low	High	Average ± SEM
	mg/serving
Chocolate	140.2	181.2	164.7 ± 19.8
Red wine	20.3	24.3	22.0 ± 1.5
Cranberry juice	27.0	35.6	31.9 ± 3.2
All apples	12.3	252.4	147.1 ± 57.0

Procyanidin Content and Variation in Some Commonly Consumed Foods



Figure 5 shows the total procyanidin content calculated for an individual serving size. This was calculated using the actual (label) serving size of the chocolate bar (36.9 g) and standard serving sizes for the wine (3.5 oz) and cranberry juice (8 oz). For the apple samples, a serving size was considered to be a whole apple and calculated using the wet weight of each cored apple with skin. As a result, the serving size varied for each apple sample (Granny Smith 153.74–237.30 g, McIntosh 140.27–180.69 g, Red Delicious 173.46–256.40 g and Golden Delicious 156.49–244.44 g). When accounting for serving size, the differences between the procyanidin content in chocolate and apples are equivocal. In addition, although cranberry juice had the lowest concentration by weight, the wine offers the least amount of procyanidins per serving.

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In this study, the researchers concluded that procyanidin B-2 acts to diminish protein kinase C isozymes, which play an important role in the hair growth cycle.

Procyanidin B-2 seems to promote hair growth by downregulating PKC in both the anagen (active growth phase) and telogen (resting phase) of the hair follicle. When the anagen phase is prolonged, and the telogen phase is shortened, increased hair growth results.



In January, they got a phone call from Anastasia, another client. She called with the same gripe- her hair was growing so fast, she had to see her stylist to color her roots nearly twice as often as before- again after only a few weeks...

But these clients were not using the improved procyanidin hair formula. It wasn't even released yet. Not to anyone.

Then Dan called and reported that he was seeing new growth at his receding hairline. At 63, his hair was thinning rapidly. But he had begun to notice much less falling hair in his comb- and "obvious" new growth along his hairline. Dan was doing one only thing differently- he was taking a gram of apple polyphenol capsules a day, not for hair growth, but for more energy...

These clients were getting unexpected and rapidly accelerated hair growth from taking apple polyphenol capsules. They were taking the procyanidin formula in supplement form for fat loss and blood sugar control. And getting those results- plus faster hair growth- as an unwanted side effect!

As other clients taking apple procyanidins internally in capsule form continued to report thicker hair, new hair growth at the hairline, eyelash hairs growing longer and eyebrow hairs growing back, and growing darker, the research team could no longer ignore the facts. Taking the pure apple procyanidins internally, in capsule form, might just be the missing piece of the hair loss puzzle...

 

[Ben.]

As Ben pointed out, by application it is possible that it does not penetrate enough or oxidize. From the anecdotes it seems that it would be efficient orally.



These clients were getting unexpected and rapidly accelerated hair growth from taking apple polyphenol capsules. They were taking the procyanidin formula in supplement form for fat loss and blood sugar control. And getting those results- plus faster hair growth- as an unwanted side effect!

As other clients taking apple procyanidins internally in capsule form continued to report thicker hair, new hair growth at the hairline, eyelash hairs growing longer and eyebrow hairs growing back, and growing darker, the research team could no longer ignore the facts. Taking the pure apple procyanidins internally, in capsule form, might just be the missing piece of the hair loss puzzle...

This is so cool, and it makes me feel better about my chocolate consumption

Interestingly enough another thread here posted a theory that suggest taking it orally too. Might just drink more applejuice and a little less orange juice ... i wonder tho, isn't most of the procyanidins in the skin of the apple?

I'll link/quote the theory here for easier access:

View: https://www.reddit.com/r/tressless/comments/mx6ncc/the_theory_that_explains_everything_please_help/

 

[Inaut]

I’ve been drinking apple cider lately. I’d assume there’d be small amounts of procyanidin in it. Soo delicious too!

 

[md_a]

This is so cool, and it makes me feel better about my chocolate consumption

Interestingly enough another thread here posted a theory that suggest taking it orally too. Might just drink more applejuice and a little less orange juice ... i wonder tho, isn't most of the procyanidins in the skin of the apple?

I'll link/quote the theory here for easier access:

Thanks, I'll read.

Apple [Dessert], peeled	10.03 mg/100 g FW	0.00	21.26	5.11	22	99	5
Apple [Dessert], whole, raw	14.56 mg/100 g FW	0.90	38.46	9.19	24	57	3

Apple [Dessert], pure juice

7.91 mg/100 ml

0.06

22.94

7.11

11

11

5

Coffee and cocoa
Cocoa - Chocolate	Chocolate, dark	36.50 mg/100 g FW	21.00	54.00	11.69	6	6	1
Cocoa - Cocoa powders	Cocoa, powder	71.57 mg/100 g FW	13.00	262.00	85.14	7	7	2

Showing all foods in which the polyphenol Procyanidin dimer B2 is found - Phenol-Explorer

Database on Polyphenols in Foods

phenol-explorer.eu

 

[Ben.]

So this apple polyphenol made me think and how to "supplement it" ...

So far i found these:

Revita High-Performance Hair Stimulating Shampoo (Interesting complex imo with biotin, niacinamide, caffeine etc.)
Roots Shampoo (md_a posted it already, it uses resveratol and soybean protein ... not sure what to think about that)
Poly-GROTM Procyanidin B-2 (website looks fairly unprofessional/old)

In terms of oral supplementation i found:

Life Extension - Applewise (uses vegetable cellulose (capsule), rice flour, silica, vegetable stearate)
Badmonkey Botanicals! - Apple Skin 98% Polyphenols 15% Procyanidin B2 Organic Extract (Capsules are made from pine or poplar fiber. Capsule filler used is coconut flour. (Hypo-allergenic))

---

What confuses me is that it is not new information. Alot of it goes back 15-20 years. That made me wonder why its not more widespread in shampoo/conditioner formulas? Because of the mentioned oxidization? I barely found apple extracts or apple polyphenol supplements ...
Would we need to add sulforaphane as it is described in the theory i linked above?
Would the hair fall out again after stopping the supplementation of therapheutic dosages?

I feel these are valuable methods or atleast its valuable information to help restore/maintain hair.

In terms of underlying causes i feel like its still one of thoose:

‧ Inflammation
‧ Malnutrition induced by some unknown, individual factor
‧ Transportation of nutrients obstructed (Blood flow compromised due postural injury or poor posture) - TMD – Occlusion
‧ Lack of dietary nutrients
‧ Damage to the cells (radiation? stress?) and/or the loss of enzymes

Assuming it is one of thoose, if we do not get rid of the potentialy deep seated internal issue, topical or supplemental measures are simply a bandaid that need to be applied indefinitely.

We also need to keep in mind, while it is helpful with hair, it is not a necessity or essential for hair, considering there are people with awsome hair eating a diet void of these polyphenols.

 

[GorillaHead]

Anyone try grape seed extract at all?

 

[PeskyPeater]

Do proanthocyanidins have the same PKC inhibiting effects when ingested and topically?
Do they have also oestrogen hepatic glucuronidation reducing effects?
what is the metabolism of them, going to be reduced into catechins?
can we offset the reduced estrogen breakdown effects by keeping eating raw carrot or mushrooms?
Isnt it much safer to take Losartan?

 

[PeskyPeater]

Effects of tea polyphenols and flavonoids on liver microsomal glucuronidation of estradiol and estrone - PubMed

Proanthocyanidins: A comprehensive review

 

[PeskyPeater]

Gamma-Valerolactone - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In Vivo Biotransformation​

As previously reported, PAs may account for a major fraction of the total flavonoids ingested by Western populations. As cited in the previous section, the interaction of these CTs with human colonic microflora allowed a plethora of catabolites, which may be useful as in vivo biomarkers of PA-rich products, to be pinpointed. The cocoa-derived products, such as cocoa powder or dark chocolate, are very interesting because of the dominant content of oligomeric and polymeric procyanidins in respect to monomeric flavan-3-ols.
...
Cocoa supplementation significantly increased the urinary excretion of colonic microbial-derived phenolic catabolites, including vanillic, 3′,4′-dihydroxyphenylacetic and 3′-hydroxyphenylacetic acids, and dihydroxyphenylvalerolactone. However, the largest excretion of vanillic acid was probably due to cocoa-derived vanillin, as postulated by Rios et al.18 Focusing on plasma-hydrolyzed samples, only 3′-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and dihydroxyphenylvalerolactone showed a significant increase, to 100 and 336%, respectively. In a subsequent study on cocoa intervention in humans with a high cardiovascular risk, volunteers showing an increase of urinary 3′-hydroxyphenylacetic and vanillic acids also presented a significant improvement in plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration compared to their non-excretor counterparts. At the same time, the subjects with a decrease in plasma-oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration had a significant increase in the urinary excretion of 3′-hydroxyphenylacetic and vanillic acids. These findings may focus attention on some microbial-derived catabolites that appeared in vivo after cocoa consumption, leading to a relationship between these catabolites and cardiovascular benefits attributed to cocoa flavan-3-ols to be postulated.

“It is now widely recognised that the pattern of blood lipids associated with lower incidence of heart disease – higher blood levels of the High Density Lipids (HDL) and lower levels of the Low Density Lipids (LDL) – is associated with a higher cancer risk. It seems that any intervention – not just excess vegetable oil – which lowers the LDL cholesterol will increase the risk of cancer.” Ray Peat

-source: FPS

 

[PeskyPeater]

Don't worry about naringenin from oranges:

In addition to conjugation, naringenin may be further metabolized by hepatic enzymes. Nielsen et al (74) have recently examined the metabolism of naringenin and hesperetin in rat liver microsomes. The major metabolite observed for both naringenin and hesperetin was the flavonoid eriodictyol. Eriodictyol was generated by the addition of a hydroxy group to the R6 position of naringenin and the demethylation of the R6 methoxy of hesperetin. The hydroxylation of naringenin was shown to be mediated by hepatic cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) (74).

162 L. J. WILCOX ET AL. Cardiovascular Drug Reviews, Vol. 17, No. 2, 1999

 

[Mauritio]

So this apple polyphenol made me think and how to "supplement it" ...

So far i found these:

Revita High-Performance Hair Stimulating Shampoo (Interesting complex imo with biotin, niacinamide, caffeine etc.)
Roots Shampoo (md_a posted it already, it uses resveratol and soybean protein ... not sure what to think about that)
Poly-GROTM Procyanidin B-2 (website looks fairly unprofessional/old)

In terms of oral supplementation i found:

Life Extension - Applewise (uses vegetable cellulose (capsule), rice flour, silica, vegetable stearate)
Badmonkey Botanicals! - Apple Skin 98% Polyphenols 15% Procyanidin B2 Organic Extract (Capsules are made from pine or poplar fiber. Capsule filler used is coconut flour. (Hypo-allergenic))

---

What confuses me is that it is not new information. Alot of it goes back 15-20 years. That made me wonder why its not more widespread in shampoo/conditioner formulas? Because of the mentioned oxidization? I barely found apple extracts or apple polyphenol supplements ...
Would we need to add sulforaphane as it is described in the theory i linked above?
Would the hair fall out again after stopping the supplementation of therapheutic dosages?

I feel these are valuable methods or atleast its valuable information to help restore/maintain hair.

In terms of underlying causes i feel like its still one of thoose:

‧ Inflammation
‧ Malnutrition induced by some unknown, individual factor
‧ Transportation of nutrients obstructed (Blood flow compromised due postural injury or poor posture) - TMD – Occlusion
‧ Lack of dietary nutrients
‧ Damage to the cells (radiation? stress?) and/or the loss of enzymes

Assuming it is one of thoose, if we do not get rid of the potentialy deep seated internal issue, topical or supplemental measures are simply a bandaid that need to be applied indefinitely.

We also need to keep in mind, while it is helpful with hair, it is not a necessity or essential for hair, considering there are people with awsome hair eating a diet void of these polyphenols.

Did you try any of those supplements or shampoos?

This one also contains apple polyphenols

B'IOTA Laboratories Ltd Bioxsine Forte Herbal Shampoo For Intensive Hair Loss 300M by B'IOTA Laboratories Ltd Amazon product ASIN B078NFQKN1View: https://smile.amazon.de/dp/B078NFQKN1/ref=cm_sw_r_apan_glt_i_WWK81EEV24AVZ38KC463

 

[Ben.]

Did you try any of those supplements or shampoos?

This one also contains apple polyphenols

B'IOTA Laboratories Ltd Bioxsine Forte Herbal Shampoo For Intensive Hair Loss 300M by B'IOTA Laboratories Ltd Amazon product ASIN B078NFQKN1View: https://smile.amazon.de/dp/B078NFQKN1/ref=cm_sw_r_apan_glt_i_WWK81EEV24AVZ38KC463

My health jourey led me down another road but i was for a time consuming alot of apples and applejuice. Coudn't say it did much but i think my problem is somewhere else so unless i fix that these shampoos won't do to much i believe. I was also put off of some anecdotes reporting worse hair loss from using them. The problem is they contain alot of other components i woudn't want.

If i were to try and go down that route i would take a apple polyphenol supplement orally. I will try it somewhere in the future for sure.

 

[Mauritio]

My health jourey led me down another road but i was for a time consuming alot of apples and applejuice. Coudn't say it did much but i think my problem is somewhere else so unless i fix that these shampoos won't do to much i believe. I was also put off of some anecdotes reporting worse hair loss from using them. The problem is they contain alot of other components i woudn't want.

If i were to try and go down that route i would take a apple polyphenol supplement orally. I will try it somewhere in the future for sure.

Yeah I agree.

 

[PeskyPeater]

-source - Thesis Dietary A- and B-type procyanidins

 

[Mauritio]

Has anybody tried rinsing their hair with apple juice?
It still contains a good amount of Pro-B2 and is a good source of glucose, which is also important for hair.

 

[Mauritio]

Here is another new study on procyanidin B2 and hair loss. They received topical proB2 for 16 weeks. The numbers look good , hair count etc. increased significantly and most patients were satisfied, with a few non responsers.

"...60% of the patients found improvement in hair loss, while 20% stated that there was no change. In the experts’ evaluation, improvement was detected in 70% of the patients, while no change was detected in 20% of the patients"

But where this study really shines is the photographs they included:

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Topical... : Turkish Journal of Dermatology

F-β is recognized as a therapeutic option in the treatment of AGA. Procyanidins are a type of polyphenol that has been shown to inhibit TGF-β activity in vivo, but there haven’t been many studies on their effectiveness. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical...

journals.lww.com

 

[Mauritio]

Another impressive study.

They took apple polyphenols orally and the hair regrowth was surprisingly large, greater than with finasteride!

It's interesting that oral administation has just as much (if not more) of a pro-hair effect than the topical administration. Therefore I have started taking apple polyphenols.
Whats impressive as well that these changes were visible after 2 months already, with decent changes after only 1 month.


"Specifically, AMSbzs supplement exerted the most important effects, increasing the hair number/cm2 by 125.2% (95% CI: −2.54, P = .0095), the hair weight by 42.1% (95% CI: −3.41, P = .0019), and the keratin content by 40.1% (95% CI: −1.22, P = .0042), at the end of the trial period (Table 2) (Fig. 6). Noteworthy, very significant results were achieved already after 1 month of intervention study."

"It was observed an increase of 6.7 total hairs/0.25 cm2 after 6 months of procyanidin therapy. The same effects have been reported with minoxidil40–42 and finasteride (an inhibitor of type II 5α-reductase, Merck)8 therapy for androgenetic alopecia. In 2% minoxidil treatment, an increase of 250 total hairs/5.1 cm2 (calculated as 12.3 total hairs/0.25 cm2) after 12-month therapy was reported.40 In finasteride treatment (1 mg/day, oral administration), an increase of 86 total hairs/5.1 cm2 (calculated as 4.22 total hairs/0.25 cm2) after 12-month therapy was reported.8 The level of efficacy of 1% procyanidin B2 is concluded to compare favorably with minoxidil and finasteride therapy.15 "

- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5775114/#B21