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"We found a dose‐dependent worsening of anti‐oxidant HDL function after 12 weeks of treatment with 1 g/day or 4 g/day n3‐PUFA when compared to placebo. No effect of n3‐PUFA supplementation was observed on HDL cholesterol levels."
"There is rising evidence that n3‐PUFA supplements are highly vulnerable to oxidation leading to the generation of genotoxic and cytotoxic compounds.17 Animal studies revealed that the intestinal absorption of those pro‐oxidant molecules may trigger oxidative stress within the upper intestine in a dose‐dependent manner.17 As apolipoprotein A1, the major constituent of HDL is significantly synthesized by the upper intestine, and one may speculate that the pro‐oxidant intestinal environment could impair the protein quality. Particularly, oxidative post‐translational modifications of apolipoprotein A1 were found to crucially affect HDL functions.18 A causal relationship of n3‐PUFA supplementation and worsening of anti‐oxidant HDL function is supported by a dose‐dependent effect in the present study. This observation is in line with animal studies showing an increase in oxidative stress by n3‐PUFA supplements in a dose‐dependent fashion"
"We found a dose‐dependent worsening of anti‐oxidant HDL function after 12 weeks of treatment with 1 g/day or 4 g/day n3‐PUFA when compared to placebo. No effect of n3‐PUFA supplementation was observed on HDL cholesterol levels."
"There is rising evidence that n3‐PUFA supplements are highly vulnerable to oxidation leading to the generation of genotoxic and cytotoxic compounds.17 Animal studies revealed that the intestinal absorption of those pro‐oxidant molecules may trigger oxidative stress within the upper intestine in a dose‐dependent manner.17 As apolipoprotein A1, the major constituent of HDL is significantly synthesized by the upper intestine, and one may speculate that the pro‐oxidant intestinal environment could impair the protein quality. Particularly, oxidative post‐translational modifications of apolipoprotein A1 were found to crucially affect HDL functions.18 A causal relationship of n3‐PUFA supplementation and worsening of anti‐oxidant HDL function is supported by a dose‐dependent effect in the present study. This observation is in line with animal studies showing an increase in oxidative stress by n3‐PUFA supplements in a dose‐dependent fashion"
