Off topic question about cellular linked devices

[Libra guy]

I know it's a bit off topic but I needed to ask someone who knows More about this than me. My question is if you remove 1 linked device from your Google account will the person who has the phone still be able to see my information I had am old phone stolen that was linked to my email and other accounts I have removed the device I just want to know if they can get my info I believe they tried to get in my bank account as I was asked security questions to log on