Methylene Blue Protective Against TBI

[jaa]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26572258

"Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to permanent neurological impairment, and methylene blue (MB) exerts central nervous system neuroprotective effects. However, only one previous study has investigated the effectiveness of MB in a controlled cortical impact injury model of TBI. In addition, the specific mechanisms underlying the effect of MB against TBI remain to be elucidated. Therefore, the present study investigated the neuroprotective effect of MB on TBI and the possible mechanisms involved. In a mouse model of TBI, the animals were randomly divided into sham, vehicle (normal saline) or MB groups. The treatment time‑points were 24 and 72 h (acute phase of TBI), and 14 days (chronic phase of TBI) post‑TBI. The brain water content (BWC), and levels of neuronal death, and autophagy were determined during the acute phase, and neurological deficit, injury volume and microglial activation were assessed at all time‑points. The injured hemisphere BWC was significantly increased 24 h post‑TBI, and this was attenuated following treatment with MB. There was a significantly higher number of surviving neurons in the MB group, compared with the Vehicle group at 24 and 72 h post‑TBI. In the acute phase, the MB‑treated animals exhibited significantly upregulated expression of Beclin 1 and increased LC3‑II to LC3‑I ratios, compared with the vehicle group, indicating an increased rate of autophagy. Neurological functional deficits, measured using the modified neurological severity score, were significantly lower in the acute phase in the MB‑treated animals and cerebral lesion volumes in the MB‑treated animals were significantly lower, compared with the other groups at all time‑points. Microglia were activated 24 h after TBI, peaked at 72 h and persisted until 14 days after TBI. Although the number of Iba‑1‑positive cells in the vehicle and MB groups 24 h post‑TBI were not significantly different, marked microglial inhibition was observed in the MB group 72 h and 14 days after ‑TBI. These results indicated that MB exerts a neuroprotective effect by increasing autophagy, decreasing brain edema and inhibiting microglial activation."

 

[tara]

OK, a glass of blue medicine every time the kids bang their heads. :)

 

[aguilaroja]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26572258
...In a mouse model of TBI, the animals were randomly divided into sham, vehicle (normal saline) or MB groups. The treatment time‑points were 24 and 72 h (acute phase of TBI), and 14 days (chronic phase of TBI) post‑TBI.
.... Neurological functional deficits, measured using the modified neurological severity score, were significantly lower in the acute phase in the MB‑treated animals and cerebral lesion volumes in the MB‑treated animals were significantly lower, compared with the other groups at all time‑points...

Thanks. It is interesting. The article is open access and the full text can be found here:

www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/ ... 1/download

The methylene blue (MB) was delivered to the animals by intra-peritoneal route. The human equivalent would be (at least) dozens of times larger than the amounts discussed on the forum, such as the Oxidal product. (Some caution is needed even for much smaller quantities in human, as discussed in the MB threads. No product criticism intended, just comparing quantity in the experiment. )

While reduction of the brain injury and nerve cell death is promising, the neurologic function tests by the researchers were NOT different between saline and MB groups at TWO WEEKS, even though in the MB group function returned faster in the first 72 hours.

 

[jaa]

Thanks. It is interesting. The article is open access and the full text can be found here:

http://www.spandidos-publications.com/1 ... 1/download

The methylene blue (MB) was delivered to the animals by intra-peritoneal route. The human equivalent would be (at least) dozens of times larger than the amounts discussed on the forum, such as the Oxidal product. (Some caution is needed even for much smaller quantities in human, as discussed in the MB threads. No product criticism intended, just comparing quantity in the experiment. )

While reduction of the brain injury and nerve cell death is promising, the neurologic function tests by the researchers were NOT different between saline and MB groups at TWO WEEKS, even though in the MB group function returned faster in the first 72 hours.

Thanks for the link to the full article and your analysis that helps reign in my overreaching title a bit