Mauritio
Member
- Joined
- Feb 26, 2018
- Messages
- 5,669
This study tests the anti-bacterial effect of Lidocaine and Aspirin . They had good antibiotic effects against all 10 tested bacteria ( in the first study)
Here is a list of pathogens that lidocaine is effective against ( from the last study):
C. albicans, E. coli,E. faecalis,H. influenzae, MRSA ,P. aeruginosa ,S. aureus,S. epidermidis ,C.pneumoniae, Bacillus spp., B. subtilis, B. catarrhalis, B. cepacia, Candida spp., Corynebacterium spp., Enterobacter spp., K. pneumoniae, Micrococcus spp., M. osloensis
Since the first days of taking lidocaine I experienced a strong anti-bacterial effect ,comparable to @haidut s camphosal ,but stronger.
Interestingly this study tested both substances and found that they have a synergistic effect in killing bacteria ,since they have a slightly different mechanism of action .
"It should be stressed that although both LH and AcSAL depolarized membrane potential, the manner of depolarization appeared to be different. The generation of membrane potential in inverted membrane vesicles was not affected by the pretreatment of vesicles with LH. In contrast, pretreatment of vesicles with AcSAL completely abolished the NADH-induced membrane potential."
This calls for an experiement of combingin lidocaine and camphosal,maybe even with an antibiotic... they write that these anesthetics (lidcocaine,procaine,...) are synergistic with common anti-bacteria and make it more easy for the antibiotics to kill them:
"...these anesthetics make the outer membrane of E. coli permeable to antibiotics (13)."
"However, they facilitated the entry of the antibiotics novobiocin and erythromycin, which otherwise penetrate intact E. coil cells very poorly through the OmpF porin (13). Contrary to previous observations, the present study showed that LH and AcSAL at sub-MIC concentrations permeabilized the hydrophobic antibiotics novobiocin and nalidixic acid and sensitized bacteria to these drugs."
They also write that aspirin causes resistanace to antibiotics like tetracycline at low doses . I havent heard about that before:
"At low concentrations ( < 1/20 MIC), salicylate, AcSAL, and other membrane-permeable weak acids have been shown to induce phenotypic resistance of E. coli to various antibiotics, such as nalidixic acid, tetracycline, and several cephalosporins (20)."
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Another study about lidocains anti-bacterial properties:
"The authors characterized the in vitro antibacterial properties of clinical doses of lidocaine on isolates of a variety of bacterial pathogens commonly encountered in the setting of nosocomial wound infection (Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus) as well as a number of resistant strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Time-kill studies were carried out on bacteria exposed to various clinical concentrations of lidocaine (0%, 1%, 2%, and 4%) with and without epinephrine (1:100,000). Minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations were determined for some strains using a broth macrodilution method recommended by the National Committee of Clinical Laboratory Standards. Lidocaine demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition of growth for all strains of bacteria tested. The greatest sensitivity to lidocaine was shown by gram-negative organisms; the least sensitive was S. aureus. The addition of epinephrine to the local anesthetic had no effect on the susceptibility of the bacteria to lidocaine. These observations suggest that the surgical benefit of local anesthesia may extend beyond its analgesic properties and may have a role in the prophylaxis and, in the case of methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant bacteria, the treatment of surgical wound infection, mandating a wider application of this modality.
Antimicrobial activity of lidocaine against bacteria associated with nosocomial wound infection. - PubMed - NCBI
Another study showing that lidocaine does not also have anti-bacterial , but also anti-fungal action. And is one of the most effective anesthetics in its antagonism:
"Evidence suggests that local anesthetics as a class possess inherent antimicrobial properties against a wide spectrum of human pathogens. Multiple local anesthetics at concentrations typically used in the clinical setting (e.g., bupivacaine 0.125%–0.75%; lidocaine 1%–3%) inhibit the growth of numerous bacteria and fungi under various conditions. Different local anesthetics showed various degrees of antimicrobial capacity; bupivacaine and lidocaine, for example, inhibit growth to a significantly greater extent than does ropivacaine. Greater concentrations, longer exposure, and higher temperature each correlate with a proportional increase in microbial growth inhibition. Addition of other agents to the anesthetic solutions, such as preservatives, opioids, or intravenous anesthetics such as propofol, modify the antimicrobial activity via either synergistic or antagonistic action. Limited studies attribute the mechanism of action of antimicrobial activity of local anesthetics to a disruption of microbial cell membrane permeability, leading to leakage of cellular components and subsequent cell lysis."
"Pina-Vaz et al. [20] evaluated the antifungal activity of benzydamine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine against 20 Candida strains, including C. albicans. The activity of the three drugs was analyzed by viability counts under epifluorescence microscopy. The antifungal activity progressed from fungistatic at lower concentrations, secondary to yeast metabolic impairment, to fungicidal at higher concentrations, secondary to cytoplasmic membrane damage, as evidenced by staining"
http://www.meduniwien.ac.at/phd-iai...hetics_as_antimicrobial_agents__a_review..pdf
@Adrenaline @Peater
@milkboi
Here is a list of pathogens that lidocaine is effective against ( from the last study):
C. albicans, E. coli,E. faecalis,H. influenzae, MRSA ,P. aeruginosa ,S. aureus,S. epidermidis ,C.pneumoniae, Bacillus spp., B. subtilis, B. catarrhalis, B. cepacia, Candida spp., Corynebacterium spp., Enterobacter spp., K. pneumoniae, Micrococcus spp., M. osloensis
Since the first days of taking lidocaine I experienced a strong anti-bacterial effect ,comparable to @haidut s camphosal ,but stronger.
Interestingly this study tested both substances and found that they have a synergistic effect in killing bacteria ,since they have a slightly different mechanism of action .
"It should be stressed that although both LH and AcSAL depolarized membrane potential, the manner of depolarization appeared to be different. The generation of membrane potential in inverted membrane vesicles was not affected by the pretreatment of vesicles with LH. In contrast, pretreatment of vesicles with AcSAL completely abolished the NADH-induced membrane potential."
This calls for an experiement of combingin lidocaine and camphosal,maybe even with an antibiotic... they write that these anesthetics (lidcocaine,procaine,...) are synergistic with common anti-bacteria and make it more easy for the antibiotics to kill them:
"...these anesthetics make the outer membrane of E. coli permeable to antibiotics (13)."
"However, they facilitated the entry of the antibiotics novobiocin and erythromycin, which otherwise penetrate intact E. coil cells very poorly through the OmpF porin (13). Contrary to previous observations, the present study showed that LH and AcSAL at sub-MIC concentrations permeabilized the hydrophobic antibiotics novobiocin and nalidixic acid and sensitized bacteria to these drugs."
They also write that aspirin causes resistanace to antibiotics like tetracycline at low doses . I havent heard about that before:
"At low concentrations ( < 1/20 MIC), salicylate, AcSAL, and other membrane-permeable weak acids have been shown to induce phenotypic resistance of E. coli to various antibiotics, such as nalidixic acid, tetracycline, and several cephalosporins (20)."
Error - Cookies Turned Off
Another study about lidocains anti-bacterial properties:
"The authors characterized the in vitro antibacterial properties of clinical doses of lidocaine on isolates of a variety of bacterial pathogens commonly encountered in the setting of nosocomial wound infection (Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus) as well as a number of resistant strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Time-kill studies were carried out on bacteria exposed to various clinical concentrations of lidocaine (0%, 1%, 2%, and 4%) with and without epinephrine (1:100,000). Minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations were determined for some strains using a broth macrodilution method recommended by the National Committee of Clinical Laboratory Standards. Lidocaine demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition of growth for all strains of bacteria tested. The greatest sensitivity to lidocaine was shown by gram-negative organisms; the least sensitive was S. aureus. The addition of epinephrine to the local anesthetic had no effect on the susceptibility of the bacteria to lidocaine. These observations suggest that the surgical benefit of local anesthesia may extend beyond its analgesic properties and may have a role in the prophylaxis and, in the case of methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant bacteria, the treatment of surgical wound infection, mandating a wider application of this modality.
Antimicrobial activity of lidocaine against bacteria associated with nosocomial wound infection. - PubMed - NCBI
Another study showing that lidocaine does not also have anti-bacterial , but also anti-fungal action. And is one of the most effective anesthetics in its antagonism:
"Evidence suggests that local anesthetics as a class possess inherent antimicrobial properties against a wide spectrum of human pathogens. Multiple local anesthetics at concentrations typically used in the clinical setting (e.g., bupivacaine 0.125%–0.75%; lidocaine 1%–3%) inhibit the growth of numerous bacteria and fungi under various conditions. Different local anesthetics showed various degrees of antimicrobial capacity; bupivacaine and lidocaine, for example, inhibit growth to a significantly greater extent than does ropivacaine. Greater concentrations, longer exposure, and higher temperature each correlate with a proportional increase in microbial growth inhibition. Addition of other agents to the anesthetic solutions, such as preservatives, opioids, or intravenous anesthetics such as propofol, modify the antimicrobial activity via either synergistic or antagonistic action. Limited studies attribute the mechanism of action of antimicrobial activity of local anesthetics to a disruption of microbial cell membrane permeability, leading to leakage of cellular components and subsequent cell lysis."
"Pina-Vaz et al. [20] evaluated the antifungal activity of benzydamine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine against 20 Candida strains, including C. albicans. The activity of the three drugs was analyzed by viability counts under epifluorescence microscopy. The antifungal activity progressed from fungistatic at lower concentrations, secondary to yeast metabolic impairment, to fungicidal at higher concentrations, secondary to cytoplasmic membrane damage, as evidenced by staining"
http://www.meduniwien.ac.at/phd-iai...hetics_as_antimicrobial_agents__a_review..pdf
@Adrenaline @Peater
@milkboi
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