Is IgA Deficiency Something To Be Concerned About?

[ursidae]

Turns out I have this. Do any of you have experience with it?

 

[Shman Frontal]

Hey,

It depends, do you habe any Symptoms? School medicines say that its ok if igM is good. Is it just low or complete defiency?

 

[Maljam]

Peat said this to me when I asked about low IGA

"It’s the antibody secreted in mucous membranes, intestine, respiratory and urinary tract, saliva, tears, etc. In the membranes, it’s known to be deficient in hypothyroidism. It’s possible that a nutritional deficiency could be responsible."

I suggested whether vitamin D could be responsible as my recent blood test indicated I was low, he said:

I think it works with vitamin A to support it.

3. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2017 Feb;95(2):151-156.
Effect of electromagnetic waves from mobile phone on immune status of male rats:
possible protective role of vitamin D.
El-Gohary OA(1)(1), Said MA(1)(1).
(1)Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University,
Benha, Qalubia, Egypt.
There are considerable public concerns about the relationship between mobile
phone radiation and human health. The present study assesses the effect of
electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted from a mobile phone on the immune system in
rats and the possible protective role of vitamin D. Rats were randomly divided
into six groups: Group I: control group; Group II: received vitamin D (1000
IU/kg/day) orally; Group III: exposed to EMF 1 h/day; Group IV: exposed to EMF 2
h/day; Group V: exposed to EMF 1 h/day and received vitamin D (1000 IU/kg/day);
Group VI: exposed to EMF 2 h/day and received vitamin D (1000 IU/kg/day). After
30 days of exposure time, 1 h/day EMF exposure resulted in significant decrease
in immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgE, IgM, and IgG); total leukocyte, lymphocyte,
eosinophil and basophil counts; and a significant increase in neutrophil and
monocyte counts. These changes were more increased in the group exposed to 2
h/day EMF. Vitamin D supplementation in EMF-exposed rats reversed these results
when compared with EMF-exposed groups. In contrast, 7, 14, and 21 days of EMF
exposure produced nonsignificant differences in these parameters among all
experimental groups. We concluded that exposure to mobile phone radiation
compromises the immune system of rats, and vitamin D appears to have a protective
effect.

7. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2016 Jan 6;23(3):219-27.
Vitamin Supplementation at the Time of Immunization with a Cold-Adapted Influenza
Virus Vaccine Corrects Poor Mucosal Antibody Responses in Mice Deficient for
Vitamins A and D.
Surman SL(1), Penkert RR(1), Jones BG(1), Sealy RE(1), Hurwitz JL(2).
(1)Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,
Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
(2)Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,
Memphis, Tennessee, USA Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry,
University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
[email protected].
Vitamin A and D deficiencies and insufficiencies are prevalent worldwide in
developed and developing countries. Vitamin metabolites are functionally
intertwined in that they are high-affinity ligands for related receptors of the
nuclear receptor superfamily. The effects of vitamin A deficiencies (VAD) on
antibody responses to respiratory virus vaccines have already been demonstrated.
Of particular concern was the reduction in IgA, a first line of defense against
pathogens in the respiratory tract. Here, we describe the individual and combined
effects of vitamin A and D deficiencies in mice immunized with an attenuated
influenza virus vaccine. Relative to VAD, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) had a
limited effect, but double deficiencies for vitamins A and D (VAD+VDD) further
reduced antibody responses in the respiratory tract. The administration of
supplemental vitamins A and D to VAD+VDD mice at the time of vaccination restored
responses in a dose-dependent manner. Results suggest that vitamin
supplementation programs may be beneficial in a clinical setting to promote
healthy immune responses to respiratory virus vaccines in vitamin-deficient
individuals.

9. Clin Exp Immunol. 2016 Feb;183(2):239-47.
Retinol binding protein and vitamin D associations with serum antibody isotypes,
serum influenza virus-specific neutralizing activities and airway cytokine
profiles.
Jones BG(1), Oshansky CM(2), Bajracharya R(2), Tang L(3), Sun Y(3), Wong SS(1),
Webby R(1)(4), Thomas PG(2)(4), Hurwitz JL(1)(4).
(1)Departments of Infectious Diseases.
(2)Immunology and.
(3)Biostatistics St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
(4)Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of
Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Vitamin A supports the induction of immunoglobulin (Ig)A responses at mucosal
surfaces in mice, but much less is known about the influence of vitamins on
antibody isotype expression in humans. To address this knowledge gap, we examined
46 residual blood samples from adults and children, some of whom were
experiencing influenza virus infections of the respiratory tract. Assays were
performed for retinol binding protein (RBP, a surrogate for vitamin A), vitamin D
(a related vitamin) and antibody isotypes. Results showed that all but two tested
samples exhibited RBP and/or vitamin D insufficiencies or deficiencies. Vitamin D
correlated with blood IgM and IgG3, while RBP correlated with IgG4 and IgA. RBP
also correlated positively with age and with influenza virus-specific antibody
neutralization titres. Individuals with low blood RBP levels exhibited the
highest frequencies of over-expressed cytokines and growth factors in nasal wash
samples, an indication of inflamed mucosal tissues. While cause-effect
relationships were not discerned, results support a hypothesis that vitamins
directly influence B cell isotype expression in humans, and by so doing may help
protect mucosal surfaces from respiratory viral disease.
© 2015 British Society for Immunology.

12. BMC Med. 2013 Aug 1;11:176. .
Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and immunoglobulins in an older Swiss
cohort: results of the Senior Labor Study.
Sakem B(1), Nock C, Stanga Z, Medina P, Nydegger UE, Risch M, Risch L.
(1)Division of Clinical Chemistry, Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr Risch,
Waldeggstrasse 37, CH-3097 Liebefeld bei Bern, Switzerland.
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D and the components of humoral immunity play important roles
in human health. Older people have lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) serum
levels than younger adults. We aimed to determine the levels of 25(OH)D serum
concentrations in healthy senior citizens and to study their relationship to the
levels of components of humoral immunity.
METHODS: A total of 1,470 healthy Swiss men and women, 60 years or older, were
recruited for this study. A total of 179 subjects dropped out of the study
because of elevated serum concentrations of C-reactive protein. Fasting blood
sera were analyzed for 25(OH)D with the high-performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC) and for parathyroid hormone (PTH), immunoglobulins and complement C4 and
C3 concentrations with immunoassays. The percentage of participants in each of
the four 25(OH)D deficiency groups--severely deficient (<10 ng/ml), deficient (10
to 20), insufficient (21 to 29 ng/ml) and normal (>=30 ng/ml)--were statistically
compared. The relationship of the major components of the humoral system and age
with 25(OH)D levels was also assessed.
RESULTS: About 66% of the subjects had insufficient levels of 25(OH)D. Normal
levels of 25(OH)D were found in 26.1% of the subjects of which 21% were males and
30.5% were females (total study population). Severely deficient levels of 25(OH)D
were found in 7.98% of the total study population. Low levels of 25(OH)D were
positively associated with IgG2 (P = 0.01) and with C4 (P = 0.02), yet were
inversely related to levels of IgG1 and IgA (P < 0.05) and C3 (P = 0.01). Serum
levels of total IgA, IgG, IgG2 and IgG4 peaked together with 25(OH)D during late
summer.
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately two-thirds of the healthy, older Swiss population
presented with Vitamin D insufficiency. The incremental shift in IgA and C3
levels might not necessarily reflect a deranged humoral immune defense; however,
given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, the importance of this
condition in humoral immunity will be worth looking at more closely. This study
supports the role of vitamin D in the competent immune system.

13. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2012 Aug;14(8):578-80.
[Serum levels of 25-(OH)D3 and immunoglobulin in children with bronchiolitis].
[Article in Chinese]
Jiang ZG(1), Wu J, Liu L, Lin Y, Yang CY.
(1)Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Longjiang Hospital of Foshan, Foshan,
Guangdong 528318, China. [email protected]
OBJECTIVE: To study the changes in the serum levels of 25-(OH)D3 and
immunoglobulins in children with bronchiolitis, and the clinical significance of
these changes.
METHODS: Serum levels of 25-(OH)D3 were measured using ELISA in 35 children with
bronchiolitis in the acute and recovery phases and 20 healthy children. Serum
levels of immunoglobulins were determined by rate nephelometry.
RESULTS: Compared with the healthy children, serum 25-(OH)D3, IgG and IgA levels
in children with bronchiolitis in the acute phase were significantly lower and,
in contrast, serum IgE levels were significantly higher (P<0.05). Serum 25-(OH)D3
levels increased and serum IgE levels decreased significantly in the recovery
phase compared with the acute phase in children with bronchiolitis (P<0.05).
However, compared with the healthy children, serum 25-(OH)D3 and IgA levels were
significantly lower and serum IgE levels were significantly higher in children
with bronchiolitis in the recovery phase (P<0.05). Serum 25-(OH)D3 levels in
children with bronchiolitis in the acute phase were positively correlated with
serum IgG (r=0.36, P<0.05) and IgA levels (r=0.63, P<0.01), and negatively
correlated with serum IgE levels (r=-0.72, P<0.01). A negative correlation was
found between serum 25-(OH)D3 and IgE levels in children with bronchiolitis in
the recovery phase (r=-0.34, P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Serum 25-(OH)D3 levels decrease and there is immunoglobulin level
imbalance in children with bronchiolitis, suggesting that 25-(OH)D3 and
immunoglobulins may play important roles in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis.

16. Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Mar;135(3):380-90.
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 increases IgA serum antibody responses and IgA
antibody-secreting cell numbers in the Peyer's patches of pigs after
intramuscular immunization.
Van Der Stede Y(1), Verfaillie T, Cox E, Verdonck F, Goddeeris BM.
(1)Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent
University, Merelbeke, Belgium. [email protected]
Pigs were injected intramuscularly (i.m.) twice with human serum albumin (HSA)
with or without 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1alpha,25(OH)2D3] with a 5-week
interval. The supplementation of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 enhanced the HSA-specific IgA
serum antibody response but decreased the IgM, IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 responses.
Furthermore, higher numbers of HSA-specific IgA antibody-secreting cells were
obtained in systemic lymphoid tissues (local draining lymph node, spleen and bone
marrow) as well as in Peyer's patches and lamina propria of the gut (GALT). In
addition, the in vivo mRNA expression for Th1 [interferon (IFN)-gamma,
interleukin (IL-2)], Th2 (IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) and Th3 [transforming growth
factor (TGF)-beta] cytokines as well as the percentage of different cell subsets
(CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, IgM+, MHC II+, CD25+) of monomorphonuclear cells from the
local draining lymph node were determined at different time-points after the i.m.
immunizations. Cytokine profiles did not resemble a typical Th-cytokine profile
using 1alpha,25(OH)2D3: higher levels of IL-10 and significantly lower levels of
IL-2 were observed the first day after the primary immunization. However,
significantly higher levels of IL-2 and significantly lower levels of IFN-gamma
were observed the first day after the second immunization. Furthermore, after the
second immunization TGF-beta mRNA expression decreased more quickly in the
1alpha,25(OH)2D3 group. This difference became significant 7 days after the
second immunization. One week later a significantly higher percentage of CD25+
cells was observed in this group, indicating more activated T and B cells using
the steroid hormone. These results suggest that in pigs the addition of
1alpha,25(OH)2D3 to an intramuscularly injected antigen can enhance the
antigen-specific IgA-response and prime GALT tissues, but the relation with
cytokines and cell phenotype in the local draining lymph node needs further
clarification.

17. Vaccine. 2001 Feb 28;19(15-16):1870-8.
Enhanced induction of the IgA response in pigs by calcitriol after intramuscular
immunization.
Van der Stede Y(1), Cox E, Van den broeck W, Goddeeris BM.
(1)Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Universiteit Gent, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
[email protected]
In this study, the immunomodulating effect of two steroid hormones namely
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25(OH)(2)D(3)] and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
was examined on the antigen-specific antibody responses by intramuscular
immunization of pigs with human serum albumin alone (HSA) or supplemented with 2
microg of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3,) 40 microg of DHEA or the combination of both steroids.
1,25(OH)(2)D(3) significantly enhanced the antigen-specific IgA and IgM serum
response. Higher HSA-specific IgA titers were also found in the mucosal
secretions (saliva, feces and nasal) of the steroid treated animals, especially
in the 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) group. Furthermore, 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and DHEA increased the
number of antigen-specific IgA and IgG antibody-secreting cells in the local
draining lymph nodes, but only low numbers were detected in lymph nodes draining
the mucosa. DHEA decreased the IgM serum response and had a tendency to enhance
the IgG2 and IgG serum responses. Strong and comparable IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 serum
responses were seen in all groups. Combining both steroids did not result in a
higher IgA serum response. On the contrary DHEA seems to neutralize the effect of
1,25(OH)(2)D(3) on the IgA response. In conclusion, 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) significantly
enhanced the antigen-specific IgA and IgM response in serum and the number of
antigen-specific IgA and IgG ASC in the local draining lymph nodes following
intramuscular immunization.

18. J Dairy Sci. 1999 Sep;82(9):1904-9.
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 enhances milk antibody titers to Escherichia coli J5
vaccine.
Reinhardt TA(1), Stabel JR, Goff JP.
(1)USDA-Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Metabolic
Diseases and Immunology, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
Recent evidence in cattle and mice has suggested that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
may stimulate T-lymphocyte differentiation pathways responsible for humoral
immunity. The use of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as an adjuvant for an Escherichia
coli J5 vaccine was tested. Ten midlactation cows received J5 vaccine and were
revaccinated 6 wk after the first vaccine administration. Five of these cows were
given 200 micrograms of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, in addition to the primary
vaccination, and they received an additional 200 micrograms of
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 1 wk after the primary vaccination. No
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was administered with the wk 6 J5 vaccine booster. Milk
immunoglobin (Ig)M, IgG, and IgA antibodies to E. coli J5 were significantly
increased in cows receiving 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 + E. coli J5 vaccine
compared with cows that received only E. coli J5 vaccine. Serum IgG and IgG1
antibodies to E. coli J5 were also significantly enhanced by
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment compared with cows receiving vaccine alone. In
contrast, serum IgG2 titers tended to decline in cows receiving
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Taken together, these data suggest that
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 has potential usefulness in boosting humoral responses
to vaccines such as J5 and may further enhance the protective qualities of
vaccines.

19. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 1997 Aug;13(4):139-42.
Travel to sunny countries is associated with changes in immunological parameters.
Falkenbach A(1), Sedlmeyer A.
(1)Research Institute Gastein-Tauernregion, Badgastein, Germany.
Under laboratory conditions, various studies have shown that changes in
immunological parameters must be expected after exposure to ultraviolet (UV)
light. The objective of the present study was to evaluate, whether such changes
can also be revealed after a vacation to a sunny country without prior adaptation
to ultraviolet radiation. In 32 volunteers white blood cells, lymphocyte
subpopulations, sIL2-R, sCD14, immunoglobulins and complement factor C3 were
determined before and after a vacation in a country with abundant sunshine during
winter. The subjects received relevant doses of UVB as confirmed by
questionnaires, UVB-dosimetry and the significant increase of 25-hydroxyvitamin
D. After vacation, there was a significant decrease of the CD4/8 ratio and the
serum concentration of IgG. The serum concentration of sIL2-R, sCD14, IgA and C3
was increased after the journey. Sunshine exposure without prior adaptation may
be responsible for significant alterations in the immune system in association
with a vacation during winter.

20. Mol Immunol. 1986 Jun;23(6):611-8.
IgA-mediated effector function of HL-60 cells following treatment with
calcitriol.
Shen L, Maliszewski CR, Rigby WF, Fanger MW.
When cells of the HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia line are cultured with
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) they acquire a more highly differentiated,
myelomonocytic phenotype. It was observed that the ability to ingest IgA-coated
erythrocytes and to bind soluble dimeric IgA accompanied this maturation.
Phagocytosis of IgA-coated erythrocytes was greater than 50% inhibited by 0.8
mg/ml free IgA, and not by IgG or IgM. Similarly, binding of dimeric IgA was not
blocked by a 100-fold excess of IgG, IgM or IgE. Both IgA-mediated phagocytosis
and IgA binding became apparent after two days of culture with calcitriol and
increased with time in culture. The induction of functional IgA receptors was
evident with 10(-11) M calcitriol and maximal levels of IgA binding and of
numbers of cells capable of IgA mediated phagocytosis were induced by
10(-8)-10(-9) M calcitriol. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3, which binds 100-1000-fold less
avidly to the cytoplasmic D3 receptor than calcitriol, did not induce functional
IgA receptors unless concns of 10(-7) M were used. Other compounds which induce
differentiation of HL-60 cells, including retinoic acid and DMSO, produced
similar results to calcitriol, whereas cells treated with gamma interferon
expressed lower levels of IgA binding and did not ingest IgA-coated targets,
suggesting that a critical density of IgA receptors must be reached to enable
phagocytosis and/or that other cell activational events are required for IgA
receptors to mediate killing. This model may provide useful insight into the
function and regulation of IgA receptors on cells of the myeloid series.

 

[ursidae]

Hey,

It depends, do you habe any Symptoms? School medicines say that its ok if igM is good. Is it just low or complete defiency?

Digestive issues (pain, constipation, flatulence, Malabsorption, green slimy stool) continuing to lose weight despite caloric surplus, amenorrhea, high cortisol, hypothyroidism, extremely high cholesterol; acne that scars. It’s very low but not zero

 

[ursidae]

Peat said this to me when I asked about low IGA

"It’s the antibody secreted in mucous membranes, intestine, respiratory and urinary tract, saliva, tears, etc. In the membranes, it’s known to be deficient in hypothyroidism. It’s possible that a nutritional deficiency could be responsible."

I suggested whether vitamin D could be responsible as my recent blood test indicated I was low, he said:

I think it works with vitamin A to support it.

3. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2017 Feb;95(2):151-156.
Effect of electromagnetic waves from mobile phone on immune status of male rats:
possible protective role of vitamin D.
El-Gohary OA(1)(1), Said MA(1)(1).
(1)Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University,
Benha, Qalubia, Egypt.
There are considerable public concerns about the relationship between mobile
phone radiation and human health. The present study assesses the effect of
electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted from a mobile phone on the immune system in
rats and the possible protective role of vitamin D. Rats were randomly divided
into six groups: Group I: control group; Group II: received vitamin D (1000
IU/kg/day) orally; Group III: exposed to EMF 1 h/day; Group IV: exposed to EMF 2
h/day; Group V: exposed to EMF 1 h/day and received vitamin D (1000 IU/kg/day);
Group VI: exposed to EMF 2 h/day and received vitamin D (1000 IU/kg/day). After
30 days of exposure time, 1 h/day EMF exposure resulted in significant decrease
in immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgE, IgM, and IgG); total leukocyte, lymphocyte,
eosinophil and basophil counts; and a significant increase in neutrophil and
monocyte counts. These changes were more increased in the group exposed to 2
h/day EMF. Vitamin D supplementation in EMF-exposed rats reversed these results
when compared with EMF-exposed groups. In contrast, 7, 14, and 21 days of EMF
exposure produced nonsignificant differences in these parameters among all
experimental groups. We concluded that exposure to mobile phone radiation
compromises the immune system of rats, and vitamin D appears to have a protective
effect.

7. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2016 Jan 6;23(3):219-27.
Vitamin Supplementation at the Time of Immunization with a Cold-Adapted Influenza
Virus Vaccine Corrects Poor Mucosal Antibody Responses in Mice Deficient for
Vitamins A and D.
Surman SL(1), Penkert RR(1), Jones BG(1), Sealy RE(1), Hurwitz JL(2).
(1)Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,
Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
(2)Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital,
Memphis, Tennessee, USA Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry,
University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
[email protected].
Vitamin A and D deficiencies and insufficiencies are prevalent worldwide in
developed and developing countries. Vitamin metabolites are functionally
intertwined in that they are high-affinity ligands for related receptors of the
nuclear receptor superfamily. The effects of vitamin A deficiencies (VAD) on
antibody responses to respiratory virus vaccines have already been demonstrated.
Of particular concern was the reduction in IgA, a first line of defense against
pathogens in the respiratory tract. Here, we describe the individual and combined
effects of vitamin A and D deficiencies in mice immunized with an attenuated
influenza virus vaccine. Relative to VAD, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) had a
limited effect, but double deficiencies for vitamins A and D (VAD+VDD) further
reduced antibody responses in the respiratory tract. The administration of
supplemental vitamins A and D to VAD+VDD mice at the time of vaccination restored
responses in a dose-dependent manner. Results suggest that vitamin
supplementation programs may be beneficial in a clinical setting to promote
healthy immune responses to respiratory virus vaccines in vitamin-deficient
individuals.

9. Clin Exp Immunol. 2016 Feb;183(2):239-47.
Retinol binding protein and vitamin D associations with serum antibody isotypes,
serum influenza virus-specific neutralizing activities and airway cytokine
profiles.
Jones BG(1), Oshansky CM(2), Bajracharya R(2), Tang L(3), Sun Y(3), Wong SS(1),
Webby R(1)(4), Thomas PG(2)(4), Hurwitz JL(1)(4).
(1)Departments of Infectious Diseases.
(2)Immunology and.
(3)Biostatistics St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
(4)Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of
Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Vitamin A supports the induction of immunoglobulin (Ig)A responses at mucosal
surfaces in mice, but much less is known about the influence of vitamins on
antibody isotype expression in humans. To address this knowledge gap, we examined
46 residual blood samples from adults and children, some of whom were
experiencing influenza virus infections of the respiratory tract. Assays were
performed for retinol binding protein (RBP, a surrogate for vitamin A), vitamin D
(a related vitamin) and antibody isotypes. Results showed that all but two tested
samples exhibited RBP and/or vitamin D insufficiencies or deficiencies. Vitamin D
correlated with blood IgM and IgG3, while RBP correlated with IgG4 and IgA. RBP
also correlated positively with age and with influenza virus-specific antibody
neutralization titres. Individuals with low blood RBP levels exhibited the
highest frequencies of over-expressed cytokines and growth factors in nasal wash
samples, an indication of inflamed mucosal tissues. While cause-effect
relationships were not discerned, results support a hypothesis that vitamins
directly influence B cell isotype expression in humans, and by so doing may help
protect mucosal surfaces from respiratory viral disease.
© 2015 British Society for Immunology.

12. BMC Med. 2013 Aug 1;11:176. .
Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and immunoglobulins in an older Swiss
cohort: results of the Senior Labor Study.
Sakem B(1), Nock C, Stanga Z, Medina P, Nydegger UE, Risch M, Risch L.
(1)Division of Clinical Chemistry, Labormedizinisches Zentrum Dr Risch,
Waldeggstrasse 37, CH-3097 Liebefeld bei Bern, Switzerland.
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D and the components of humoral immunity play important roles
in human health. Older people have lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) serum
levels than younger adults. We aimed to determine the levels of 25(OH)D serum
concentrations in healthy senior citizens and to study their relationship to the
levels of components of humoral immunity.
METHODS: A total of 1,470 healthy Swiss men and women, 60 years or older, were
recruited for this study. A total of 179 subjects dropped out of the study
because of elevated serum concentrations of C-reactive protein. Fasting blood
sera were analyzed for 25(OH)D with the high-performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC) and for parathyroid hormone (PTH), immunoglobulins and complement C4 and
C3 concentrations with immunoassays. The percentage of participants in each of
the four 25(OH)D deficiency groups--severely deficient (<10 ng/ml), deficient (10
to 20), insufficient (21 to 29 ng/ml) and normal (>=30 ng/ml)--were statistically
compared. The relationship of the major components of the humoral system and age
with 25(OH)D levels was also assessed.
RESULTS: About 66% of the subjects had insufficient levels of 25(OH)D. Normal
levels of 25(OH)D were found in 26.1% of the subjects of which 21% were males and
30.5% were females (total study population). Severely deficient levels of 25(OH)D
were found in 7.98% of the total study population. Low levels of 25(OH)D were
positively associated with IgG2 (P = 0.01) and with C4 (P = 0.02), yet were
inversely related to levels of IgG1 and IgA (P < 0.05) and C3 (P = 0.01). Serum
levels of total IgA, IgG, IgG2 and IgG4 peaked together with 25(OH)D during late
summer.
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately two-thirds of the healthy, older Swiss population
presented with Vitamin D insufficiency. The incremental shift in IgA and C3
levels might not necessarily reflect a deranged humoral immune defense; however,
given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, the importance of this
condition in humoral immunity will be worth looking at more closely. This study
supports the role of vitamin D in the competent immune system.

13. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2012 Aug;14(8):578-80.
[Serum levels of 25-(OH)D3 and immunoglobulin in children with bronchiolitis].
[Article in Chinese]
Jiang ZG(1), Wu J, Liu L, Lin Y, Yang CY.
(1)Department of Pediatrics, Shunde Longjiang Hospital of Foshan, Foshan,
Guangdong 528318, China. [email protected]
OBJECTIVE: To study the changes in the serum levels of 25-(OH)D3 and
immunoglobulins in children with bronchiolitis, and the clinical significance of
these changes.
METHODS: Serum levels of 25-(OH)D3 were measured using ELISA in 35 children with
bronchiolitis in the acute and recovery phases and 20 healthy children. Serum
levels of immunoglobulins were determined by rate nephelometry.
RESULTS: Compared with the healthy children, serum 25-(OH)D3, IgG and IgA levels
in children with bronchiolitis in the acute phase were significantly lower and,
in contrast, serum IgE levels were significantly higher (P<0.05). Serum 25-(OH)D3
levels increased and serum IgE levels decreased significantly in the recovery
phase compared with the acute phase in children with bronchiolitis (P<0.05).
However, compared with the healthy children, serum 25-(OH)D3 and IgA levels were
significantly lower and serum IgE levels were significantly higher in children
with bronchiolitis in the recovery phase (P<0.05). Serum 25-(OH)D3 levels in
children with bronchiolitis in the acute phase were positively correlated with
serum IgG (r=0.36, P<0.05) and IgA levels (r=0.63, P<0.01), and negatively
correlated with serum IgE levels (r=-0.72, P<0.01). A negative correlation was
found between serum 25-(OH)D3 and IgE levels in children with bronchiolitis in
the recovery phase (r=-0.34, P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Serum 25-(OH)D3 levels decrease and there is immunoglobulin level
imbalance in children with bronchiolitis, suggesting that 25-(OH)D3 and
immunoglobulins may play important roles in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis.

16. Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Mar;135(3):380-90.
1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 increases IgA serum antibody responses and IgA
antibody-secreting cell numbers in the Peyer's patches of pigs after
intramuscular immunization.
Van Der Stede Y(1), Verfaillie T, Cox E, Verdonck F, Goddeeris BM.
(1)Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent
University, Merelbeke, Belgium. [email protected]
Pigs were injected intramuscularly (i.m.) twice with human serum albumin (HSA)
with or without 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1alpha,25(OH)2D3] with a 5-week
interval. The supplementation of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 enhanced the HSA-specific IgA
serum antibody response but decreased the IgM, IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 responses.
Furthermore, higher numbers of HSA-specific IgA antibody-secreting cells were
obtained in systemic lymphoid tissues (local draining lymph node, spleen and bone
marrow) as well as in Peyer's patches and lamina propria of the gut (GALT). In
addition, the in vivo mRNA expression for Th1 [interferon (IFN)-gamma,
interleukin (IL-2)], Th2 (IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) and Th3 [transforming growth
factor (TGF)-beta] cytokines as well as the percentage of different cell subsets
(CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, IgM+, MHC II+, CD25+) of monomorphonuclear cells from the
local draining lymph node were determined at different time-points after the i.m.
immunizations. Cytokine profiles did not resemble a typical Th-cytokine profile
using 1alpha,25(OH)2D3: higher levels of IL-10 and significantly lower levels of
IL-2 were observed the first day after the primary immunization. However,
significantly higher levels of IL-2 and significantly lower levels of IFN-gamma
were observed the first day after the second immunization. Furthermore, after the
second immunization TGF-beta mRNA expression decreased more quickly in the
1alpha,25(OH)2D3 group. This difference became significant 7 days after the
second immunization. One week later a significantly higher percentage of CD25+
cells was observed in this group, indicating more activated T and B cells using
the steroid hormone. These results suggest that in pigs the addition of
1alpha,25(OH)2D3 to an intramuscularly injected antigen can enhance the
antigen-specific IgA-response and prime GALT tissues, but the relation with
cytokines and cell phenotype in the local draining lymph node needs further
clarification.

17. Vaccine. 2001 Feb 28;19(15-16):1870-8.
Enhanced induction of the IgA response in pigs by calcitriol after intramuscular
immunization.
Van der Stede Y(1), Cox E, Van den broeck W, Goddeeris BM.
(1)Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Universiteit Gent, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
[email protected]
In this study, the immunomodulating effect of two steroid hormones namely
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25(OH)(2)D(3)] and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
was examined on the antigen-specific antibody responses by intramuscular
immunization of pigs with human serum albumin alone (HSA) or supplemented with 2
microg of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3,) 40 microg of DHEA or the combination of both steroids.
1,25(OH)(2)D(3) significantly enhanced the antigen-specific IgA and IgM serum
response. Higher HSA-specific IgA titers were also found in the mucosal
secretions (saliva, feces and nasal) of the steroid treated animals, especially
in the 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) group. Furthermore, 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and DHEA increased the
number of antigen-specific IgA and IgG antibody-secreting cells in the local
draining lymph nodes, but only low numbers were detected in lymph nodes draining
the mucosa. DHEA decreased the IgM serum response and had a tendency to enhance
the IgG2 and IgG serum responses. Strong and comparable IgG, IgG1 and IgG2 serum
responses were seen in all groups. Combining both steroids did not result in a
higher IgA serum response. On the contrary DHEA seems to neutralize the effect of
1,25(OH)(2)D(3) on the IgA response. In conclusion, 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) significantly
enhanced the antigen-specific IgA and IgM response in serum and the number of
antigen-specific IgA and IgG ASC in the local draining lymph nodes following
intramuscular immunization.

18. J Dairy Sci. 1999 Sep;82(9):1904-9.
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 enhances milk antibody titers to Escherichia coli J5
vaccine.
Reinhardt TA(1), Stabel JR, Goff JP.
(1)USDA-Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Metabolic
Diseases and Immunology, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
Recent evidence in cattle and mice has suggested that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
may stimulate T-lymphocyte differentiation pathways responsible for humoral
immunity. The use of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as an adjuvant for an Escherichia
coli J5 vaccine was tested. Ten midlactation cows received J5 vaccine and were
revaccinated 6 wk after the first vaccine administration. Five of these cows were
given 200 micrograms of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, in addition to the primary
vaccination, and they received an additional 200 micrograms of
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 1 wk after the primary vaccination. No
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was administered with the wk 6 J5 vaccine booster. Milk
immunoglobin (Ig)M, IgG, and IgA antibodies to E. coli J5 were significantly
increased in cows receiving 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 + E. coli J5 vaccine
compared with cows that received only E. coli J5 vaccine. Serum IgG and IgG1
antibodies to E. coli J5 were also significantly enhanced by
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment compared with cows receiving vaccine alone. In
contrast, serum IgG2 titers tended to decline in cows receiving
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Taken together, these data suggest that
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 has potential usefulness in boosting humoral responses
to vaccines such as J5 and may further enhance the protective qualities of
vaccines.

19. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 1997 Aug;13(4):139-42.
Travel to sunny countries is associated with changes in immunological parameters.
Falkenbach A(1), Sedlmeyer A.
(1)Research Institute Gastein-Tauernregion, Badgastein, Germany.
Under laboratory conditions, various studies have shown that changes in
immunological parameters must be expected after exposure to ultraviolet (UV)
light. The objective of the present study was to evaluate, whether such changes
can also be revealed after a vacation to a sunny country without prior adaptation
to ultraviolet radiation. In 32 volunteers white blood cells, lymphocyte
subpopulations, sIL2-R, sCD14, immunoglobulins and complement factor C3 were
determined before and after a vacation in a country with abundant sunshine during
winter. The subjects received relevant doses of UVB as confirmed by
questionnaires, UVB-dosimetry and the significant increase of 25-hydroxyvitamin
D. After vacation, there was a significant decrease of the CD4/8 ratio and the
serum concentration of IgG. The serum concentration of sIL2-R, sCD14, IgA and C3
was increased after the journey. Sunshine exposure without prior adaptation may
be responsible for significant alterations in the immune system in association
with a vacation during winter.

20. Mol Immunol. 1986 Jun;23(6):611-8.
IgA-mediated effector function of HL-60 cells following treatment with
calcitriol.
Shen L, Maliszewski CR, Rigby WF, Fanger MW.
When cells of the HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia line are cultured with
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) they acquire a more highly differentiated,
myelomonocytic phenotype. It was observed that the ability to ingest IgA-coated
erythrocytes and to bind soluble dimeric IgA accompanied this maturation.
Phagocytosis of IgA-coated erythrocytes was greater than 50% inhibited by 0.8
mg/ml free IgA, and not by IgG or IgM. Similarly, binding of dimeric IgA was not
blocked by a 100-fold excess of IgG, IgM or IgE. Both IgA-mediated phagocytosis
and IgA binding became apparent after two days of culture with calcitriol and
increased with time in culture. The induction of functional IgA receptors was
evident with 10(-11) M calcitriol and maximal levels of IgA binding and of
numbers of cells capable of IgA mediated phagocytosis were induced by
10(-8)-10(-9) M calcitriol. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3, which binds 100-1000-fold less
avidly to the cytoplasmic D3 receptor than calcitriol, did not induce functional
IgA receptors unless concns of 10(-7) M were used. Other compounds which induce
differentiation of HL-60 cells, including retinoic acid and DMSO, produced
similar results to calcitriol, whereas cells treated with gamma interferon
expressed lower levels of IgA binding and did not ingest IgA-coated targets,
suggesting that a critical density of IgA receptors must be reached to enable
phagocytosis and/or that other cell activational events are required for IgA
receptors to mediate killing. This model may provide useful insight into the
function and regulation of IgA receptors on cells of the myeloid series.

I’m hypothyroid yeah and although I cover all my nutrients malabsorption is suspected in my case so I could be deficient in pretty much every nutrient
I don’t think It’s possible for my D levels to be low anymore due to my supplementation+hundreds of hours of whole body direct sun exposure. After reading the grant genereux writings I’m actually inclined to stop consuming eggs and carotene. Vitamin A might be the source of some of my issues

 

[Shman Frontal]

Genereux Theory is wrong because reductive. When somebody is weak everything hurts. Its important to check exocrine pancreas insuffieceny, Zinc, because Digestion enzymes coraletes perfect with zinc, and Riboflavin as FAD, because FAD is needed to convert Retinol. Its highly possible that you have bacteria Problems besides weak immunity.

 

[ursidae]

Genereux Theory is wrong because reductive. When somebody is weak everything hurts. Its important to check exocrine pancreas insuffieceny, Zinc, because Digestion enzymes coraletes perfect with zinc, and Riboflavin as FAD, because FAD is needed to convert Retinol. Its highly possible that you have bacteria Problems besides weak immunity.

I'll check for pancreatic insufficiency in two weeks. I eat lots of oysters and beef for zinc and I added nutritional yeast recently
Are antibiotics the right approach for bacterial problems?

 

[Shman Frontal]

Antibiotics wont help at the long run. Its important to build a good basic, than antibiotics will be the game changer if not happened earlier. Take Thyroid, digestive enzymes if needed, correct Zinc, eat Liver for Vitamin A, Copper, Riboflavin, Folic Acid and of course Iron. Once a weak you can fast do disinfect your intestine, also taking Taurin helps to increase Bile Acid, which is needed to get rid of bacteria. I would make the Tests, and than look for the Error in this.