Depression Is A Systemic Disease Linked To Pufa Oxidation

haidut

Member
Forum Supporter
Joined
Mar 18, 2013
Messages
19,798
Location
USA / Europe
This study is very important, but unfortunately politics once again has limited the way it is being interpreted. The first major point of the study is that depression is not a local (neurological) but rather a systemic condition. The second major point is that depression symptoms were linked to high levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), which the study calls a marker of oxidative stress. However, this conceals the fact that MDA is produced solely as a result of PUFA oxidation. So it would have been correct to say that increased PUFA perodixation has a causative role in depression. I doubt that we are going to hear that statement any time soon though.
Treatment with anti-depressants lowered levels of MDA and raised levels of anti-oxidants like uric acid (which Peat has also talked about).

http://www.psychiatrist.com/JCP/article/Pages/2015/v76n12/v76n1216.aspx
"...Conclusions: Results suggest that oxidative stress plays a role in depression and that antidepressant activity may be mediated via improving oxidative stress/antioxidant function."

Depression is more than a mental disorder: It affects the whole organism

"...An international team of researchers lead by the University of Granada (UGR) has scientifically proven, for the first time, that depression is more than a mental disorder: it causes important alterations of the oxidative stress, so it should be considered a systemic disease, since it affects the whole organism."

"...This research is a meta analysis of 29 previous studies which comprise 3961 people, and it’s the first detailed work of its kind about what happens in the organism of people suffering from depression. It studies the imbalance between the individual increase of various oxidative stress parameters (especially malondialdehyde, a biomarker to measure the oxidative deterioration of the cell membrane) and the decrease in antioxidant substances (such as uric acid, zinc, and the superoxide dismutase enzyme)."

"...The researchers have managed to prove that, after receiving the usual treatment against depression, the patients’ malondialdehyde levels are significantly reduced, to the point that they are indistinguishable from healthy individuals. At the same time, zinc and uric acid levels increase until reaching normal levels (something that does not occur in the case of the superoxide dismutase enzyme)."

Malondialdehyde - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"...Malondialdehyde results from lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids.[3] It is a prominent product in Thromboxane A2 synthesis wherein cyclooxygenase 1 or cycloxygenase 2 metabolizes arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2 by platelets and a wide array of other cell types and tissues. This product is further metabolized by Thromboxane synthase to Thromboxane A2, 12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid, and malonyldialdehyde.[4][5] Alternatively, it may rearrange non-enzymatically to a mixture of 8-cis and 8-trans isomers of 12-hydroxyeicosaheptaenoic acid plus malonyldialdehyde (see 12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid).[6] The degree of lipid peroxidation can be estimated by the amount of malondialdehyde in tissues.[3]"
 

narouz

Member
Joined
Jul 22, 2012
Messages
4,429
Thanks for all these great posts today, haidut!
I recommend that you now go lie down and have a nap.
I wouldn't want you to over-extend.:)
 

NathanK

Member
Joined
May 30, 2015
Messages
684
Location
Austin, TX
Here's one from a few years ago that studied along the same lines within the same premises. So close that I was surprised to see that neither study had the same authors much less from the same country. Att.

A study of oxidative stress and influence of antioxidant vitamins supplementation in patients with major depression.
"Many lines of evidence suggest that oxidative stress is important in the pathogenesis of major depression (MD). In the particular, catecholamine’s and increased metabolism seems to be associated with tissue damage involving free radicals in the brain. The aim of this study was to investigate the lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity in the patients suffering from the MD as compared to the healthy controls. Specifically we wanted to estimate the effective influence of antioxidant supplementation on the oxidative stress parameters including antioxidant defense system in MD patients. Thirty MD patients and thirty healthy controls were participated in the study. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by measuring concentration Malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO metabolites in plasma. Antioxidant activity was measured by determination of erythrocyte-superoxide dismutase (SOD) as a powerful enzymatic antioxidant and the non – enzymatic antioxidants like vitamin E, C and uric acid along with total antioxidant capacity in plasma. All measurements were taken in newly diagnosed patients and then during depression remission after 12 weeks treatment along with antioxidant supplementation. The concentration of MDA and NO metabolites were significantly higher in patients before treatment (newly diagnosed). Levels of antioxidants such as SOD, vitamin E, C and uric acid were significantly decreased in patients along with decrease in plasma TAC as compared to controls. After 12 weeks antidepressant treatment adjunctive to antioxidant vitamin E and C supplementation showed reverse changes in above parameters significantly. MD is accompanied by imbalance in pro- and anti-oxidative processes and finally, combined therapy with antioxidants and antidepressant has an improved potential in preventing oxidative damage and repairing already existing damage, but this has to be confirmed in future clinical studies."
 

Attachments

  • oxidative-stress-and-antioxidant-vitaminssupplementation-in-patients-with-major-depression-.pdf
    68.8 KB · Views: 55
OP
haidut

haidut

Member
Forum Supporter
Joined
Mar 18, 2013
Messages
19,798
Location
USA / Europe
Thanks for all these great posts today, haidut!
I recommend that you now go lie down and have a nap.
I wouldn't want you to over-extend.:)

Lol, no worries, I am about to do exactly that. Mindlessly watching TV every once in a while has its benefits.
 
OP
haidut

haidut

Member
Forum Supporter
Joined
Mar 18, 2013
Messages
19,798
Location
USA / Europe
Here's one from a few years ago that studied along the same lines within the same premises. So close that I was surprised to see that neither study had the same authors much less from the same country. Att.

A study of oxidative stress and influence of antioxidant vitamins supplementation in patients with major depression.
"Many lines of evidence suggest that oxidative stress is important in the pathogenesis of major depression (MD). In the particular, catecholamine’s and increased metabolism seems to be associated with tissue damage involving free radicals in the brain. The aim of this study was to investigate the lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity in the patients suffering from the MD as compared to the healthy controls. Specifically we wanted to estimate the effective influence of antioxidant supplementation on the oxidative stress parameters including antioxidant defense system in MD patients. Thirty MD patients and thirty healthy controls were participated in the study. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by measuring concentration Malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO metabolites in plasma. Antioxidant activity was measured by determination of erythrocyte-superoxide dismutase (SOD) as a powerful enzymatic antioxidant and the non – enzymatic antioxidants like vitamin E, C and uric acid along with total antioxidant capacity in plasma. All measurements were taken in newly diagnosed patients and then during depression remission after 12 weeks treatment along with antioxidant supplementation. The concentration of MDA and NO metabolites were significantly higher in patients before treatment (newly diagnosed). Levels of antioxidants such as SOD, vitamin E, C and uric acid were significantly decreased in patients along with decrease in plasma TAC as compared to controls. After 12 weeks antidepressant treatment adjunctive to antioxidant vitamin E and C supplementation showed reverse changes in above parameters significantly. MD is accompanied by imbalance in pro- and anti-oxidative processes and finally, combined therapy with antioxidants and antidepressant has an improved potential in preventing oxidative damage and repairing already existing damage, but this has to be confirmed in future clinical studies."

That is exactly what makes is much more likely to be a correct finding. People who do not know each other, do not cite each other's studies and separated by space and time getting very similar results. So many of Peat's points are backed up by research like that.
Btw, the findings of both studies are supported by this third one showing vitamin E is an effective anti-depressant (just like in the second study). Given that it controls the damage done by PUFA and lowers MDA, it is not at all surprising.
Vitamin E (alpha tocopherol) is effective anti-depressant | Ray Peat Forum
 

Soren

Member
Forum Supporter
Joined
Apr 5, 2016
Messages
1,648
Would this study indicate that things such as Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and Distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) (mitolipin) might be good at fighting depression as they help combat the damage caused by oxidation of PUFA and thereby lower MDA?
 

Similar threads

Back
Top Bottom