Dealing with moles and the significance of avocado

[Amazoniac]

Spoiler: 'Mole Conversions Made Easy: How to Convert Between Grams and Moles' | ketzbook

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b2raanVWU6c

Also:
- Using Molecular Weight | ChemCollective.org

- Avogadro constant - Wikipedia
- Periodic table - Wikipedia

Spoiler: Example

- Calcifediol - Wikipedia

Properties
Chemical formula: C27H44O2
Molar mass: 400.64 g/1 mol

C: 12.011 g/mol * 27 = 324.297 g/mol
H: 1.008 g/mol * 44 = 44.352 g/mol
O: 15.999 g/mol * 2 = 31.998 g/mol​

Sum: 400.647 g/mol

For a bloody killcidiol level of 40 ng/ml and crossing all of the multiplication:

40 g = k
400.64 g = 1 mol

400 g * k = 40 g * mol
k = (40 g / 400 g) * mol
k = 0.1 mol​

It's in nanograms, but the proportions don't change:

n = 10^(-9)

40 ng = k
n * 40 g = k
400.64 g = 1 mol

400 g * k = n * 40 g * mol
k = n * (40 g / 400 g) * mol
k = 0.1 nmol​

Therefore, 0.1 nmol/ml or (1000x for) 100 nmol/L.

The conversion factor of 2.5 is derived from:

1 g = k
400.64 g = 1 mol​

1 g / 400 g * 1000 = factor

Spoiler: Title

 

[Amazoniac]

Before the thread goes to our dungeons, one of the applications is to determine the share of each component in a complex. I know that some members are often wondering how much of an element is present in a salt, figuring out is simpler than the first example below because you'll probably have the total mass and will be interested in only an element.

- PubChem

Spoiler: Continuing with the previous example..

C: 12.011 g/mol * 27 = 324.297 g/mol
H: 1.008 g/mol * 44 = 44.352 g/mol
O: 15.999 g/mol * 2 = 31.998 g/mol

Sum: 400.647 g/mol

If the total is 400 g/mol and you know how each element is contributing to the total, it's possible to represent in parts per cent.

Killcidiol: 400 g/mol = 100%
C: 324 g/mol = ?
H: 44 g/mol = ?
O: 32 g/mol = ?​

We obtain (multiplying each by 1/4, from 100/400):

C: 324 g/mol = 81%
H: 44 g/mol = 11%
O: 32 g/mol = 8%​

No matter how much of the compound we have (may be a single molecule or many of them), these proportions remain conserved.
For example, if 2 mcg of killcidiol is consumed, 8% will be oxygen.

Working with groups of atoms is also practical.

Hydroxylation of killcidiol to killcitriol should add the OH group..

H: 1.008 g/mol​

O: 15.999 g/mol​

..therefore, we can expect that the difference in molecular weight between killcitriol and killcidiol should be the sum of the two values above.

- Calcitriol - Wikipedia

Formula: C27H44O3
Molar mass: 416.646 g/mol

- Calcifediol - Wikipedia

Formula: C27H44O2
Molar mass: 400.64 g/mol

It's resulting in 16 g/mol because for some reason they're disregarding the hydrogen atom.

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What was meant by simpler determination:

The molecular weight of..

Laxarium aminocancertate is 172.42 g/mol.
Laxarium itself is 24.31 g/mol.​

If 172.42 g/mol represents 100%, laxarium is responsible for 14.1% of the mass. Can be confirmed here.

It's good to verify the molecular formula to assess how the complex is organized to avoid off values due to misconception. There are times that an element is complexed with two molecules (as in bisaminocancertate), the ligand may stabilize with more than one atom of the element in question, some complexes are hydrated (such as laxarium foulate heptahydrate), and so on.

 

[cjm]

Bookmarked! Thank you!

 

[reaching]

WTF I thought I would never hear about this crap after leaving highschool. WHAT MAD GAME ARE YOU PLAYING AT HERE?

 

[Rick K]

Spoiler: 'Mole Conversions Made Easy: How to Convert Between Grams and Moles' | ketzbook

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b2raanVWU6c

Also:
- Using Molecular Weight | ChemCollective.org

- Avogadro constant - Wikipedia
- Periodic table - Wikipedia

Spoiler: Example

- Calcifediol - Wikipedia

C: 12.011 g/mol * 27 = 324.297 g/mol​

H: 1.008 g/mol * 44 = 44.352 g/mol​

O: 15.999 g/mol * 2 = 31.998 g/mol​

Sum: 400.647 g/mol

For a bloody killcidiol level of 40 ng/ml and crossing all of the multiplication:

40 g = k​

400.64 g = 1 mol​

​

400 g * k = 40 g * mol​

k = (40 g / 400 g) * mol​

k = 0.1 mol​

It's in nanograms, but the proportions don't change:

n = 10^(-9)​

​

40 ng = k​

n * 40 g = k​

400.64 g = 1 mol​

​

400 g * k = n * 40 g * mol​

k = n * (40 g / 400 g) * mol​

k = 0.1 nmol​

Therefore, 0.1 nmol/ml or (1000x for) 100 nmol/L.

The conversion factor of 2.5 is derived from:

1 g = k​

400.64 g = 1 mol​

1 g / 400 g * 1000 = factor

Spoiler: Title

View attachment 23733

Are the planetary trajectories also relevant here? The avocado seems an outlier.

 

[Amazoniac]

- Dalton (unit) - Wikipedia

"The dalton or unified atomic mass unit (symbols: Da or u) is a unit of mass widely used in physics and chemistry. It is defined as 1/12 of the mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state and at rest. The atomic mass constant, denoted mu is defined identically, giving mu = m(12C)/12 = 1 Da. A unit dalton is also approximately numerically equal to the molar mass of the same expressed in g/mol (1 Da ≈ 1 g/mol). Prior to the 2019 redefinition of the SI base units these were numerically identical by definition (1 Da = 1 g/mol) and are still treated as such for most purposes."​

​

"The molecular masses of proteins, nucleic acids, and other large polymers are often expressed with the units kilodaltons (kDa), megadaltons (MDa), etc."​

​

"The mole is a unit of amount of substance, widely used in chemistry and physics, which was originally defined so that the mass of one mole of a substance, measured in grams, would be numerically equal to the average mass of one of its constituent particles, measured in daltons. That is, the molar mass of a chemical compound was meant to be numerically equal to its average molecular mass. For example, the average mass of one molecule of water is about 18.0153 daltons, and one mole of water is about 18.0153 grams. A protein whose molecule has an average mass of 64 kDa would have a molar mass of 64 kg/mol."​

 

[Amazoniac]

Spoiler: Introduction to solubility equilibria | Khan Academy

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N9a2r01ToZk

- General Chemistry | Professor Dave Explains

- Presentation #12017118 | SlidePlayer

Spoiler

- Solubility equilibrium | Wikipedia

Spoiler

Ksp = dissolved / undissolved = soluble / insoluble

Ksp = [Ca][OH][OH] / [Ca(OH)2]​

"The activity of a pure solid is, by definition, equal to one."

Ksp = [Ca][OH][OH]​

"Since the concentration of hydroxide ions is twice the concentration of calcium ions, this reduces to Ksp = [Ca]³"

- sulfide ksp | Google Search (sulfide salts are brutally insoluble)

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- Solubility table - Wikipedia