InChristAlone
Member
Maybe we are working off different definitions of 'theory'. I do agree that theories are not always aligned with facts - they can sometimes be inaccurate/mistaken/unscientific/unfounded/ contradicted by observable facts. I don't see facts and theories at opposite ends of the spectrum. AIUI, facts are always true - they are reality. Some theories as good as facts - known to be true.
"A fact is a thing that is known to be consistent with objective reality and can be proven to be true with evidence. ... The usual test for a statement of fact is verifiability — that is whether it can be demonstrated to correspond to experience."
Theories describe and/or explain reality. As you describe, a step removed. Some theories are bad - unfounded, contradicted by observable facts, etc. Some theories are pretty good for going on with - they explain and predict well-enough to be really useful, but will get improved or refined as we get more data. Some theories are so solidly tested and aligned with facts that there's no real uncertainty about them. Gravity might have some areas of uncertainty (is there a unifying theory that explains it and other large and small forces?), but at the basic level of masses attracting depending on distance, the basic theory is as good as fact.
"A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Such fact-supported theories are not "guesses" but reliable accounts of the real world."
A bad or unscientific theory might have little to do with facts, but a good or scientific theory should line up with them reliably.
Yes and my objective reality might be different than someone else's objective reality. You can tell me a million pieces of evidence in favor of vaccines, it won't matter to my objective reality that they are harmful and that I can prove they are harmful for many people, so some may say "vaccines save lives" IT'S A FACT! And I could say "vaccines harm people" It's a fact! And both statements could be true depending on which evidence you look at. People don't like when you question science facts because they will say "sorry that can't be true because it isn't proven by scientific study" or that it has been disproven by scientific study. Facts are not truth, you can observe something in scientific study and you can present the evidence that it is true and then an opposite study might show the opposite results. How can you call it a fact then? It is just a conclusion. That is why I said science has many conclusions and theories. You are right that a good theory is well supported by many conclusions but still doesn't make it truth. People use fact as if it is truth when it is not. Same with theories. Have you ever considered that there are other theories on gravity? Probably not, but they are out there.
We can get into absolute truths but then we are talking philosophy and people can have their foundational beliefs smashed by those sort of discussions and get really pissed.