Coffee consumption rapidly reduces background DNA strand breaks in healthy humans

paymanz

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www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16870158


Abstract

The activity of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (E.C.2.4.2.30), which is highly activated by DNA strand breaks, is associated with the pathophysiology of both acute as well as chronic inflammatory diseases. PARP-1 overactivation and the subsequent extensive turnover of its substrate NAD+ put a large demand on mitochondrial ATP-production. Furthermore, due to its reported role in NF-kappaB and AP-1 mediated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, PARP-1 is considered an interesting target in the treatment of these diseases. In this study the PARP-1 inhibiting capacity of caffeine and several metabolites as well as other (methyl)xanthines was tested using an ELISA-assay with purified human PARP-1. Caffeine itself showed only weak PARP-1 inhibiting activity, whereas the caffeine metabolites 1,7-dimethylxanthine, 3-methylxanthine and 1-methylxanthine, as well as theobromine and theophylline showed significant PARP-1 inhibiting activity. Further evaluation of these compounds in H2O2-treated A549 lung epithelial and RF24 vascular endothelial cells revealed that the decrease in NAD+-levels as well as the formation of the poly(ADP-ribose)polymer was significantly prevented by the major caffeine metabolite 1,7-dimethylxanthine. Furthermore, H2O2-induced necrosis could be prevented by a high dose of 1,7-dimethylxanthine. Finally, antioxidant effects of the methylxanthines could be ruled out with ESR and measurement of the TEAC. Concluding, caffeine metabolites are inhibitors of PARP-1 and the major caffeine metabolite 1,7-dimethylxanthine has significant PARP-1 inhibiting activity in cultured epithelial and endothelial cells at physiological concentrations. This inhibition could have important implications for nutritional treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory pathologies, like prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury or vascular complications in diabetes.
 

milk_lover

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From the study (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26632023):

"In a short-term human intervention study, we determined the effects of coffee intake on DNA integrity during 8 hours. Healthy male subjects ingested coffee in 200 ml aliquots every second hour up to a total volume of 800 ml. Blood samples were taken at baseline, immediately before the first coffee intake and subsequently every two hours, prior to the respective coffee intake. DNA integrity was assayed by the comet assay. The results show a significant (p<0.05) reduction of background DNA strand breaks already 2 h after the first coffee intake. Continued coffee intake was associated with further decrements in background DNA damage within the 8h intervention (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively). Mean tail intensities (TI%) decreased from 0.33 TI% (baseline, 0 h) to 0.22 TI% (within 8 h coffee consumption)."

I know Peat might not be a big believer in genetics and DNA stuff, so I don't know how he and his followers might think of this study.

I found the study while browsing reddit. Here is the reddit link: https://www.reddit.com/r/science/comments/3vnr69/coffee_consumption_rapidly_reduces_background_dna/
 
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milk_lover said:
post 112939 From the study (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26632023):

"In a short-term human intervention study, we determined the effects of coffee intake on DNA integrity during 8 hours. Healthy male subjects ingested coffee in 200 ml aliquots every second hour up to a total volume of 800 ml. Blood samples were taken at baseline, immediately before the first coffee intake and subsequently every two hours, prior to the respective coffee intake. DNA integrity was assayed by the comet assay. The results show a significant (p<0.05) reduction of background DNA strand breaks already 2 h after the first coffee intake. Continued coffee intake was associated with further decrements in background DNA damage within the 8h intervention (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively). Mean tail intensities (TI%) decreased from 0.33 TI% (baseline, 0 h) to 0.22 TI% (within 8 h coffee consumption)."

I know Peat might not be a big believer in genetics and DNA stuff, so I don't know how he and his followers might think of this study.

I found the study while browsing reddit. Here is the reddit link: https://www.reddit.com/r/science/comments/3vnr69/coffee_consumption_rapidly_reduces_background_dna/

Very interesting. These must of been very healthy volunteers to not have undergone a stress response during their short-term intake of caffeine.

For the record, Peat is a "believer" in genetics and DNA, but he's not a believer that only genetics determines our physiological state. He's a believer in the continuous interaction between our genetics and our environment in shaping our physiology (which is what this study shows: caffeine (environment) affecting our DNA (genetics) to alter physiology.)
 
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milk_lover

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cantstoppeating said:
post 112940 Very interesting. These must of been very healthy volunteers to not have undergone a stress response during their short-term intake of caffeine.

For the record, Peat is a "believer" in genetics and DNA, but he's not a believer that only genetics determines our physiological state. He's a believer in the continuous interaction between our genetics and our environment in shaping our physiology (which is what this study shows: caffeine (environment) affecting our DNA (genetics) to alter physiology.)
Thanks for clarifying Ray Peat's views on genetics and environment. You gave a very quick relevant example :)
 
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