Association of Ultraprocessed Food Consumption With Risk of Dementia

[David PS]

Cross-sectional examination of ultra-processed food consumption and adverse mental health symptoms | Public Health Nutrition | Cambridge Core

Cross-sectional examination of ultra-processed food consumption and adverse mental health symptoms

www.cambridge.org

 

[PeskyPeater]

Homogenation in the gut? Does it also displace the artery damaging enzyme xanthanase the way that commercial homogenizing does?

homogenization of fats by chylomicrons. dunno about that enyzme

 

[joaquin]

homogenization of fats by chylomicrons. dunno about that enyzme

@PeskyPeater Homogenized milk and atherosclerosis.

 

[PeskyPeater]

@PeskyPeater Homogenized milk and atherosclerosis.

contradicting waste of time

 

[joaquin]

contradicting waste of time

LOL
what does that even mean?

 

[David PS]

Ultraprocessed foods linked to cancer and early death, studies find | CNN

Ultraprocessed foods significantly increase men's risk of colorectal cancer and can lead to early death for both men and women, especially from heart disease, according to two new studies.

www.cnn.com

 

[PeskyPeater]

Ultraprocessed foods linked to cancer and early death, studies find | CNN

Ultraprocessed foods significantly increase men's risk of colorectal cancer and can lead to early death for both men and women, especially from heart disease, according to two new studies.

www.cnn.com

Thanks for this reaction. That contains a pretty recent study. (Published 31 August 2022) Here is part of their results.
...

Why not significant in women !?...

"Participants Men (n= 46 341) from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2014) and women (n=159 907) from the Nurses’ Health Study (1986-2014; n=67 425) and the Nurses’ Health Study II (1991-2015; n=92 482) with valid dietary intake measurement and no cancer diagnosis at baseline.

Results 3216 cases of colorectal cancer (men, n=1294; women, n=1922) were documented during the 24-28 years of follow-up. Compared with those in the lowest fifth of ultra-processed food consumption, men in the highest fifth of consumption had a 29% higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (hazard ratio for highest versus lowest fifth 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.08 to 1.53; P for trend=0.01), and the positive association was limited to distal colon cancer (72% increased risk; hazard ratio 1.72, 1.24 to 2.37; P for trend<0.001). These associations remained significant after further adjustment for body mass index or indicators of nutritional quality of the diet (that is, western dietary pattern or dietary quality score). No association was observed between overall ultra-processed food consumption and risk of colorectal cancer among women ... "

Why the association was seen in men but not in women is unclear. A previous review study found that the associations of dietary patterns with colorectal cancer were more consistently significant and stronger in men than women.53 Using the same data source as in this study, Petimar and colleagues found that the adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Alternative Mediterranean Diet (AMED), and AHEI-2010 was associated with lower risk of colorectal cancer among men but not among women.34 Potential explanations for such differing sex patterns may involve the effect of obesity and sex hormones. For men and postmenopausal women, estrogen is mainly produced in fat tissues.54 In women, a high estrogen to testosterone ratio may decrease the risk of colorectal cancer, whereas it may increase the risk of colorectal cancer in men.54 In addition, ultra-processed foods include a variety of foods, with some products being healthier than others. Different food choices made within ultra-processed foods could contribute to differential associations with health outcomes. For example, relatively healthier food choices may have been made within the category of “yogurt and dairy based desserts” among women, and thus the protective effects (for example, due to higher calcium contents) may overweigh the harmful effects (for example, due to higher sugar contents). Despite the lack of significant association between overall ultra-processed food intake and colorectal cancer risk in women, this study showed that consumption of ready-to-eat/heat mixed dishes was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Such findings support the recommendation by the World Cancer Research Fund International/American Institute for Cancer Research to limit the intake of “fast foods” for the primary prevention of cancer.

 

[PeskyPeater]

... " relatively healthier food choices may have been made within the category of “yogurt and dairy based desserts” among women, and thus the protective effects (for example, due to higher calcium contents) may overweigh the harmful effects (for example, due to higher sugar contents)."

Oh my.

So I can imagine especial in a typical family setting, the wife cook the food and serve meals to the tired hardworking husband, who not thinking about it, is happy with the nice meal men served in front of them.
While the women tend to go by their intuition and make a food selection that is relatively higher in [protective] dairy than men.
Lucky women

 

[David PS]

 

[David PS]

Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food and Cognitive Decline among Older Adults With Type-2 Diabetes

AbstractBackground. Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption is related to increased morbidity and mortality. However, knowledge on its association with cognitive

academic.oup.com

Conclusion
This study suggests that a high intake of ultra-processed meat and oils/spreads may be associated with accelerated cognitive decline in older individuals with T2D.

 

[David PS]

More evidence that insulin resistance (from ultra-processed foods among other things) is a predictive and causal factor for cognitive decline. The higher the IR, the lower the cognition, even in middle-aged adults. Keep your diet sharp to keep your brain sharp!

Insulin resistance and accelerated cognitive aging - PubMed

Insulin resistance may be an early sign of metabolic dysfunction with the potential to lead to neuropsychiatric sequelae in the long term. In order to identify whether insulin resistance in otherwise healthy young and middle-aged adults is associated with preclinical signs of neuropsychiatric...

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

 

[Lollipop2]

More evidence that insulin resistance (from ultra-processed foods among other things) is a predictive and causal factor for cognitive decline. The higher the IR, the lower the cognition, even in middle-aged adults. Keep your diet sharp to keep your brain sharp!

Insulin resistance and accelerated cognitive aging - PubMed

Insulin resistance may be an early sign of metabolic dysfunction with the potential to lead to neuropsychiatric sequelae in the long term. In order to identify whether insulin resistance in otherwise healthy young and middle-aged adults is associated with preclinical signs of neuropsychiatric...

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

That is an interesting article. Great news for Peat fans.

 

[David PS]

Why Ultra-Processed Foods Are So Bad for You

 

[David PS]

And risk of cancer as well.

Ultra-processed foods may increase ovarian, other cancer risks, study says​

"Many foods go through a moderate amount of processing — such as cheese, salted peanut butter, pasta sauce — but ultra-processed foods have more additives, artificial flavors, colors, sweeteners and preservatives. Typically they are subjected to processing methods to transform their taste, texture and appearance and can include hot dogs, doughnuts, boxed macaroni & cheese, muffins and flavored yogurts ... higher consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with a greater risk of overall cancer and specifically ovarian and brain cancer ... For every 10 percent increase in ultra-processed food in a person’s diet, there was an increased incidence of 2 percent for cancer overall, and a 19 percent increase for ovarian cancer specifically ... Other studies have shown a link between ultra-processed foods and higher rates of obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and colon cancer"

 

[David PS]

I read this as an argument that it is the high fructose sugars, which are manufactured from corn, that are the bad actor in our diets.

Could Alzheimer’s disease be a maladaptation of an evolutionary survival pathway mediated by intracerebral fructose and uric acid metabolism?

An important aspect of survival is to assure enough food, water, and oxygen. Here, we describe a recently discovered response that favors survival in …

www.sciencedirect.com

 

[David PS]

The Reinforcing Natures of Hyper‑Palatable Foods: Behavioral Evidence for Their Reinforcing Properties and the Role of the US Food Industry in Promoting Their Availability

Conclusion HPF difer in key ways from naturally occurring foods and may exploit our neurobiological propensities to seek and consume rewarding foods. There is reasonably strong behavioral evidence to indicate that HPF may have reinforcing properties that are similar to drugs of abuse. Strong evidence indicates that healthy individuals may exhibit greater preference for and valuation of HPF relative to non-HPF, that individuals may seek out HPF for their rewarding efects, and that cues may develop that indicate the presence of HPF. All of these factors speak to the reinforcing properties of HPF. More limited evidence indicates that HPF intake may be associated with greater motivation to consume HPF (sensitization) and blunted experience of reward during HPF intake, which may be observed neurobiologically.

 

[David PS]

Effects of ultra-processed foods on the microbiota-gut-brain axis: The bread-and-butter issue

The topic of gut microbiota and the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis has become the forefront of research and reports in the past few years. The gut mi…

www.sciencedirect.com

• Ultra-processed food consumption impact intestinal functions and physical health.
• Food additives change the gut microbiota composition and may cause intestinal inflammation.
• Ultra-processed foods potentially exert adverse effects on brain health through the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

 

[David PS]

July 2023

I do not have access to the full text.

https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/alz.13351

INTRODUCTION​

We aimed to assess the prospective associations between consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and the risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia.

METHOD​

This study included 2909 adult participants who were dementia free at baseline and had a follow-up. Dietary intakes were collected using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Proportional hazards models and cubic spline regression were used.

RESULTS​

During a mean follow-up of 14.4 years, a total of 306 incident dementia events occurred, including 184 (60.1%) cases of AD. After multivariate adjustments, individuals in the highest quartile for energy-adjusted UPF consumption (over 9.1 servings per day) had a higher risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio

---

: 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–2.16) and AD dementia (HR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.04–2.71) compared to the lowest quartile. [Correction added on 24 July 2023, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, the text ‘the highest quartiles for UPF consumption (> 7.5 servings per day)’ was revised to ‘the highest quartile for energy-adjusted UPF consumption (over 9.1 servings per day)’.] A nonlinear dose–response pattern was shown for all-cause dementia and AD dementia.

CONCLUSIONS​

Higher consumption of UPF is associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia and AD dementia.

Study registration​

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00005121.

 

[David PS]

March 2023

Dose-response meta-analysis of ultra-processed food with the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: evidence from prospective cohort studies - PubMed

<span><i>Background</i>: Previous meta-analyses included abundant cross-sectional studies, and/or only assessed high <i>versus</i> low categories of UPF consumption. We conducted this meta-analysis based on prospective cohort studies to estimate the dose-response associations of UPF consumption...

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Abstract​

Background: Previous meta-analyses included abundant cross-sectional studies, and/or only assessed high versus low categories of UPF consumption. We conducted this meta-analysis based on prospective cohort studies to estimate the dose-response associations of UPF consumption with the risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs) and all-cause mortality among general adults. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published up to August 17, 2021, and newly published articles between August 17, 2021 and July 21, 2022 were re-searched. Random-effects models were used to estimate the summary relative risks (RRs) and confidence intervals (CIs). Generalized least squares regression was used to estimate the linear dose-response associations of each additional serving of UPF. Restricted cubic splines were used to model the possible nonlinear trends.
Results: Eleven eligible papers (17 analyses) were finally identified. The pooled effect size for the highest versus lowest category of UPF consumption showed positive associations with the risk of CVEs (RR = 1.35, 95% CI, 1.18-1.54) and all-cause mortality (RR = 1.21, 95% CI, 1.15-1.27). For each additional daily serving of UPF, the risk increased by 4% (RR = 1.04, 95% CI, 1.02-1.06) for CVEs and 2% (RR = 1.02, 95% CI, 1.01-1.03) for all-cause mortality. With increasing UPF intake, the risk of CVEs reflected a linear upward trend (Pnonlinearity = 0.095), while all-cause mortality reflected a nonlinear upward trend (Pnonlinearity = 0.039).
Conclusion: Our findings based on prospective cohorts suggested that any increased level of UPF consumption was linked to higher CVEs and mortality risk. Thus, the recommendation is to control the intake of UPF in daily diet.

 

[David PS]

I found this to be an interesting video that is on point for this thread.

There is an alarming surge in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption, especially in the UK and the US, where about two-thirds of caloric intake is from UPF. This raises grave health concerns, with emerging evidence revealing the detrimental effects of UPF on brain health and overall well-being.With the majority of our calories coming from UPF, the risk of chronic physical and mental health conditions is escalating. Scientists are now uncovering the intricate mechanisms behind this link, particularly how UPF affects the brain.In today’s episode, we welcome back Prof. Felice Jacka OAM. Felice is Alfred Deakin Professor of Nutritional Psychiatry and the Director of the Food & Mood Centre at Deakin University in Australia. She is also the founder of the International Society for Nutritional Psychiatry Research and the world’s leading researcher on the impact of food on the brain and mental health. And she is back on the show to delve deeper into the links between UPF and brain health, specifically the hippocampus which is responsible for cognition (learning and memory) and mental health.

Timecodes:
00:00 Intro
00:55 Quick fire questions
04:07 What is ultra processed food?
05:25 What is the NOVA classification?
08:09 How does food impact the brain?
10:26 What does the hippocampus do to influence our brain function?
12:57 Is there a link between the size of the hippocampus and diet quality?
13:41 Is there a link between the quality of diet and depression?
20:48 What are the effects of long term dietary habits?
21:42 Is there a link between poor diet and dementia
23:32 Is there a link between autism and diet?
24:14 How real is the link between diet and dementia?
25:14 What is the oral microbiome?
28:34 New trial between whole foods and vitamin enriched nutritional foods
29:53 How does processing foods impact the makeup of foods on a molecular level?
32:41 How does the biodiversity around us affect our body?
33:33 How does the industrialized food environment impact us?
36:17 How strong is the evidence for this? is it comparable to smoking?
39:59 Practical tips to help with our diet
40:59 How does reducing consumption of UPF affect us?
42:17 How to cut down on UPF
45:08 Is it too late to change your diet?
47:20 Does exercise impact our brain?
49:23 Summary
54:53 Goodbyes/Outro