Amylopectin Increases Liver And Muscle Glycogen And Reduces BUN Compared To Controls

[meatbag]

Awhile back there were some posts about the possible benefits over using amylopectin (sticky rice, waxy potato) vs amylose starch as a carbohydrate source. I came across this study while looking for info on the effect of different carbohydrates on glycogen and thought some might find it interesting.

Study; Amylopectin is the anti-fatigue ingredient in glutinous rice.

The anti-fatigue activities of glutinous rice (GR) and GR amylopectin (GRA) were investigated in mice by determining tissue glycogen, blood lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) after the weight loaded forced swim test (WFST). GR and GRA were given by gavage at various doses of GR (7.5, 15, 30 g/kg body weight) and GRA (3.8, 7.5, 15 g/kg body weight) every day for 7 days, respectively.

The results indicated that the hepatic glycogen levels significantly (P < 0.05) increased 26–44% and 35–60% and the muscle glycogen levels significantly (P < 0.05) increased 36–100% and 67–133% in GR and GRA treatment groups, compared with the negative control group. The GRA treatment groups also had significantly (P < 0.05) higher (9.1–20.3%) blood LDH levels. Meanwhile, the blood LDH activities in GR and GRA treatment groups had a significantly positive correlation with the hepatic glycogen levels (r = 0.978, P < 0.01). Moreover, except of the low-dose GR (7.5 g/kg body weight) supplemented group, mice in all other treatment groups had significantly (P < 0.05) lower (13–23%) BUN levels. Moreover, glutinous rice is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to enhance physical power, replenish qi, invigorate the spleen, and prevent fatigue

Compared with the GR treatment groups, GRA treatment groups had similar or even higher anti-fatigue activities, which demonstrated that GRA might play the most important role on the anti-fatigue activities for GR.

The mice in the GRAH treatment group had the highest blood LDH level, which demonstrated that GRA had the higher anti-fatigue activities than GR at a higher concentration. The conversion of lactate to glucose via gluconeogenesis, and excess glucose being saved as hepatic glycogen or muscle glycogen is one of the main pathways to remove excess lactic acid [22]. In this study, the blood LDH activities in GR and GRA treatment groups had a significantly positive correlation with the hepatic glycogen levels (r = 0.978, P < 0.01).

The increased blood LDH activities and hepatic glycogen storage in this study demonstrated that hepatic gluconeogenes occurred during the WFST and GR and GRA could adjust the physical fatigue of mice through different metabolism pathways. Moreover, the blood LDH activities in GR and GRA treatment groups positively correlated with the muscle glycogen levels (r = 0.654, P = 0.079). In this study, the blood LDH activities in GR and GRA treatment groups had a significantly positive correlation with the hepatic glycogen levels (r = 0.978, P < 0.01).

BUN is the metabolic output of amino acids and protein. Urea, as the end product of protein metabolism, is formed in the liver and carried to the kidneys for excretion by the blood [23]. Protein and amino acids have a stronger catabolic metabolism leading to the increased urea nitrogen when the body cannot obtain enough energy by sugar and fat catabolic metabolism, after a long time of exercise [23]. A positive correlation between the urea nitrogen and exercise capacity was also obtained [24]. Therefore, BUN is a sensitive index of the fatigue status. In this study, compared with the NCG, the BUN concentration of mice was significantly (P < 0.05) lower with a reduction rate of 27.3% in the PCG (Fig. 2). Except for the GRL supplemented group, mice in all other treatment groups had significantly (P < 0.05) lower (13–23%) BUN concentrations compared with the NCG after the WFST, which indicated that the different doses of GR and GRA could reduce protein metabolism and ameliorate fatigue. Mice in the GRAL group had the lowest BUN concentration, demonstrating that GRA could more functionally slow down the metabolism rate of protein.

 

[Rickyman]

Any thoughts on this @haidut greatly appreciated or tag someone you feel cam chime in.

 

[meatbag]

Any thoughts on this @haidut greatly appreciated or tag someone you feel cam chime in.

What is wrong?

Here is the experimental procedures of the difference between the groups-I guess I could post the whole thing, let me know if you wanna see the rest of the study. I just tried to pick out which sections people might find interesting;


2.2. Experimental animals

Male ICR (Institute of Cancer Research), SPF grade grown mice (approximately 20 g) were obtained from Spf Experimental Animal Technology Co., Ltd. (Certification of Experimental Animal: No. SCXK (Jing) 2011-0004) (Beijing, China). The mice were housed at the temperature of 20 ± 2 °C with a 12 h light and 12 h dark cycle. The standard chow including wheat bran, corn, wheat flour, vegetable oil, vitamin, and microelement (Beijing Macao Cooperation Feed Co., Ltd., Beijing, China) and water were available ad libitum. The experimental procedures were performed in conformity with the international guidelines for care and use of laboratory animals.

Mice were randomly divided into the following experimental groups, with 8 mice in each group. The first group designated as the negative control group (NCG) was administered – distilled water (30 g/kg body weight) by gavage every day for 7 days. The second group designated as the positive control group (PCG) was given American ginseng slice (1 g/kg body weight) (Changxing Scientific Health Care Provisions A Sinop-Us Cooperative Enterprise, Guangdong, China) by gavage every day for 7 days. The third, fourth, and fifth group designated as the GR treatment groups of low, medium, and high doses (GRL, GRM, and GRH) were given by gavage at various doses of GR (7.5, 15, 30 g/kg body weight) every day for 7 days, respectively. The sixth, seventh, and eighth group designated as the GRA treatment groups of low, medium, and high doses (GRAL, GRAM, and GRAH) were given by gavage at various doses of GRA (3.8, 7.5, 15 g/kg body weight) every day for 7 days, respectively.

 

[reality]

I get a great response from jasmine rice compared to basmati. Super energising and no endotoxin or digestion issues.