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Insufficient NAD and retinol/retinoic acid can render steroid supplementation ineffective.
Supplementing NAD precursors like niacin/niacinamide and retinyl palmitate for retinol/retinoic acid can make them work.
Can you please expend on this, I am very interested.
I tried googling it as well as searching on NCBI, I couldn't find any interactions between NAD and steroid effectiveness.
Thank you
Overview of Steroidogenic Enzymes in the Pathway from Cholesterol to Active Steroid Hormones
Take a look at this study. Almost all of the enzymatic conversions of steroids use NAD in some form, e.g. NAD+, NADH, NADPH..
Human 3βHSD I and II and mouse 3βHSD I and VI catalyze the conversion of the Δ5-3β-hydroxysteroids, pregnenolone, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, and DHEA to the Δ4-3-ketosteroids, progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, and androstenedione, respectively. Two sequential reactions are involved in the conversion of the Δ5-3β-hydroxysteroid to a Δ4-3-ketosteroid. The first reaction is the dehydrogenation of the 3β-equatorial hydroxysteroid requiring the coenzyme NAD+ yielding a Δ5-3-keto intermediate and reduced NADH. The reduced coenzyme, NADH, then activates the isomerization of the Δ5-3-ketosteroid to yield the Δ4-3-ketosteroid (Fig. 9)
Also this post by haidut might interest you.
Recovering Steroidogenesis Inhibited By Alcohol And Drugs